Assignment 4 Semester 1 2026
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Due Date: 2 April 2026
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STEP 1: ANSWER THE QUESTION "IS THIS OK?" - COUNTS 60% OF MARKS
Is this ok?
1. Analysis of the inequality using all of John Rawls’ principles in the correct
order
To answer whether this situation is morally acceptable, I will apply John
Rawls’ principles of justice in the correct order. Rawls argues that a just
society must first protect equal basic liberties, then ensure fair equality of
opportunity, and only then allow inequalities if they satisfy the difference
principle.
First principle: Equal basic liberties
Rawls’ first principle states that every person must have an equal right to the most
extensive basic liberties compatible with similar liberties for others. These basic
liberties include freedom of thought, freedom of association, political participation,
and protection under the law. In the South African context, these liberties formally
exist under the Constitution. On paper, both Patrice Motsepe and poor South
Africans possess the same legal rights.
However, when one looks at the reality of poverty, it becomes clear that basic
liberties are not always equally meaningful in practice. A person who is hungry,
unemployed, or struggling to survive may technically have political freedom and legal
rights, but those rights are harder to exercise fully. A person living below the food
poverty line does not enjoy liberty in the same practical sense as a billionaire does.
Poverty restricts a person’s ability to make real choices about education, health,
work, and participation in public life. So although equal liberties may exist formally,
their real value is undermined by severe deprivation.
Second principle, part one: Fair equality of opportunity
Rawls’ second principle begins with fair equality of opportunity. This means that
positions of advantage should not merely be open in theory. People with similar
talent and willingness to work should have genuinely fair chances to succeed,
regardless of the social class into which they are born.