UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA
College of Law
⋄ ⋄ ⋄
Advanced Forensic Crime Intelligence
Assignment 02 — Financial Profiling, Doc-
ument Security and Net-Worth Analysis
⋄ ⋄ ⋄
FOR3705
Module Code:
Advanced Forensic Crime Intelligence
Module Name:
02
Assignment No:
01
Semester:
23 March 2026
Due Date:
Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for FOR3705 — UNISA 2026
,UNISA | FOR3705 Advanced Forensic Crime Intelligence
Contents
Question 1: Financial Profile vs Behavioural Profile 3
Question 2: Lifestyle Indicators and Hidden Wealth 6
Question 3: Document Classification under MISS 8
Question 4: Net-Worth Analysis 11
Question 5: Business Profiling 15
Question 6: Document Management Policies 18
Question 7: What is a Business Profile? 20
Question 8: Preparing a Suspect’s Financial Profile (Essay) 22
Reference List 25
Page 2 of 25
, UNISA | FOR3705 Advanced Forensic Crime Intelligence
Question 1: Financial Profile vs Behavioural Profile in Financial Crime Detec-
tion
Financial crime investigations rarely succeed on a single type of evidence. Investigators typi-
cally build two complementary pictures of a suspect: one rooted in numbers and documented
transactions, and another rooted in patterns of conduct. These are the financial profile and
the behavioural profile, and though they serve distinct purposes, they work best when used to-
gether (Gottschalk, 2018).
1.1 The Financial Profile
A financial profile is a structured analysis of a person’s documented economic activity. It draws
on tax returns, bank statements, salary records, property registrations, investment portfolios,
credit records, and any other source that reflects the financial position of the subject. The
core purpose is to establish what the person officially earns, owns, owes, and spends, and then
to test whether those figures are internally consistent and consistent with their known lifestyle
(Levi & Reuter, 2006).
The key elements of a financial profile include:
• Declared income from all sources (salary, business income, rental income, investments)
• Fixed assets (property, vehicles, equipment) and their acquisition dates and values
• Liabilities (bonds, loans, credit facilities) and repayment histories
• Cash flow patterns, including regular and irregular deposits and withdrawals
• Transfers to related parties or entities that suggest off-book activity
In a fraud investigation, the financial profile helps detect discrepancies. If a person earning
R500,000 per year shows R3 million in property acquisitions over two years with no corre-
sponding loan records, that gap is a red flag. The financial profile does not prove fraud on its
own, but it identifies the anomalies that direct the investigation (Wells, 2017).
Page 3 of 25
College of Law
⋄ ⋄ ⋄
Advanced Forensic Crime Intelligence
Assignment 02 — Financial Profiling, Doc-
ument Security and Net-Worth Analysis
⋄ ⋄ ⋄
FOR3705
Module Code:
Advanced Forensic Crime Intelligence
Module Name:
02
Assignment No:
01
Semester:
23 March 2026
Due Date:
Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for FOR3705 — UNISA 2026
,UNISA | FOR3705 Advanced Forensic Crime Intelligence
Contents
Question 1: Financial Profile vs Behavioural Profile 3
Question 2: Lifestyle Indicators and Hidden Wealth 6
Question 3: Document Classification under MISS 8
Question 4: Net-Worth Analysis 11
Question 5: Business Profiling 15
Question 6: Document Management Policies 18
Question 7: What is a Business Profile? 20
Question 8: Preparing a Suspect’s Financial Profile (Essay) 22
Reference List 25
Page 2 of 25
, UNISA | FOR3705 Advanced Forensic Crime Intelligence
Question 1: Financial Profile vs Behavioural Profile in Financial Crime Detec-
tion
Financial crime investigations rarely succeed on a single type of evidence. Investigators typi-
cally build two complementary pictures of a suspect: one rooted in numbers and documented
transactions, and another rooted in patterns of conduct. These are the financial profile and
the behavioural profile, and though they serve distinct purposes, they work best when used to-
gether (Gottschalk, 2018).
1.1 The Financial Profile
A financial profile is a structured analysis of a person’s documented economic activity. It draws
on tax returns, bank statements, salary records, property registrations, investment portfolios,
credit records, and any other source that reflects the financial position of the subject. The
core purpose is to establish what the person officially earns, owns, owes, and spends, and then
to test whether those figures are internally consistent and consistent with their known lifestyle
(Levi & Reuter, 2006).
The key elements of a financial profile include:
• Declared income from all sources (salary, business income, rental income, investments)
• Fixed assets (property, vehicles, equipment) and their acquisition dates and values
• Liabilities (bonds, loans, credit facilities) and repayment histories
• Cash flow patterns, including regular and irregular deposits and withdrawals
• Transfers to related parties or entities that suggest off-book activity
In a fraud investigation, the financial profile helps detect discrepancies. If a person earning
R500,000 per year shows R3 million in property acquisitions over two years with no corre-
sponding loan records, that gap is a red flag. The financial profile does not prove fraud on its
own, but it identifies the anomalies that direct the investigation (Wells, 2017).
Page 3 of 25
