ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING CONTENT
MASTERY SERIES (CMS) EXAM PRACTICE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS: THE MOST RECENT AND
COMPREHENSIVE VERSION WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS;
GUARANTEED PASS WITH INSTANT PDF DOWNLOAD.
A nurse is caring for several clients. Which client does the nurse assess most
carefully for hyperkalemia?
a. client with type 2 diabetes taking an oral anti-diabetic agent
b. client with heart failure using a salt substitute
c. client taking a thiazide diuretic for hypertension
d. client taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs daily - ANSWER: B
Many salt substitutes are composed of potassium chloride. Heavy use cna
contribute to the development of hyperkalemia. The client should be taught to read
labels and to choose a salt substitute that does not contain potassium. NSAIDs promote
the retention of sodium but not potassium.
An older adult client presents with signs and symptoms related to dig toxicity.
Which age related change may have contributed to this problem?
a. decreased renal blood flow
b. increased gastrointestinal motility
c. decreased ratio of adipose tissue to lean body mass
d. increased total body water - ANSWER: A
Decreased renal blood flow and reduced glomerular filtration can result in slower
medication excretion time, potentially leading to toxic drug accumulation. Aging
,
,
, results in decreased total body water and gastrointestinal motility and an increase
in the ratio of adipose tissue to lean body mass, but is not related to dig toxicity.
A client is being treated for dehydration. Which statement made by the client
indicates understanding of this condition?
a. I will use a salt substitute when making and eating my meals. I
b. must drink a quart of water or other liquid each day.
c. I will not drink liquids after 6 PM so I won't have to get up at night.
d. I will weigh myself each morning before I eat or drink. - ANSWER: D
Because 1 L of water weighs 1 kg, change in body weight is a good measure of
excess fluid loss or fluid retention. Weight loss greater than 0.5 lb daily is
indicative of excessive fluid loss. The other statements are not indicative of
practices that will prevent dehydration.
The nurse notes that the handgrip of the client with hypokalemia has diminished
since the previous assessment one hour ago. Which intervention by the nurse is the
priority?
a. assess the client's respiratory rate, rhythm, and depth
b. document findings and monitor the client
c. measure the client's pulse and blood pressure
d. call the health care provider - ANSWER: A
In a client with hypokkalemia, progressive skeletal muscle weakness is associated
with increasing severity of hypokalemia. The most lifethreatening complication of
hypokalemia is respiratory insufficiency. It is imperative for the nurse to perform a
MASTERY SERIES (CMS) EXAM PRACTICE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS: THE MOST RECENT AND
COMPREHENSIVE VERSION WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS;
GUARANTEED PASS WITH INSTANT PDF DOWNLOAD.
A nurse is caring for several clients. Which client does the nurse assess most
carefully for hyperkalemia?
a. client with type 2 diabetes taking an oral anti-diabetic agent
b. client with heart failure using a salt substitute
c. client taking a thiazide diuretic for hypertension
d. client taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs daily - ANSWER: B
Many salt substitutes are composed of potassium chloride. Heavy use cna
contribute to the development of hyperkalemia. The client should be taught to read
labels and to choose a salt substitute that does not contain potassium. NSAIDs promote
the retention of sodium but not potassium.
An older adult client presents with signs and symptoms related to dig toxicity.
Which age related change may have contributed to this problem?
a. decreased renal blood flow
b. increased gastrointestinal motility
c. decreased ratio of adipose tissue to lean body mass
d. increased total body water - ANSWER: A
Decreased renal blood flow and reduced glomerular filtration can result in slower
medication excretion time, potentially leading to toxic drug accumulation. Aging
,
,
, results in decreased total body water and gastrointestinal motility and an increase
in the ratio of adipose tissue to lean body mass, but is not related to dig toxicity.
A client is being treated for dehydration. Which statement made by the client
indicates understanding of this condition?
a. I will use a salt substitute when making and eating my meals. I
b. must drink a quart of water or other liquid each day.
c. I will not drink liquids after 6 PM so I won't have to get up at night.
d. I will weigh myself each morning before I eat or drink. - ANSWER: D
Because 1 L of water weighs 1 kg, change in body weight is a good measure of
excess fluid loss or fluid retention. Weight loss greater than 0.5 lb daily is
indicative of excessive fluid loss. The other statements are not indicative of
practices that will prevent dehydration.
The nurse notes that the handgrip of the client with hypokalemia has diminished
since the previous assessment one hour ago. Which intervention by the nurse is the
priority?
a. assess the client's respiratory rate, rhythm, and depth
b. document findings and monitor the client
c. measure the client's pulse and blood pressure
d. call the health care provider - ANSWER: A
In a client with hypokkalemia, progressive skeletal muscle weakness is associated
with increasing severity of hypokalemia. The most lifethreatening complication of
hypokalemia is respiratory insufficiency. It is imperative for the nurse to perform a
