SWPPP EXAM 670 PREMIUM PREP PACK 2026
FULLY SOLVED MATERIAL
◉ Why is it critical that water stores a lot of energy? Answer: allows
large bodies of water to cool or heat Earth to maintain a
temperature
◉ List the elements of the hydrologic cycle including driving forces
Answer: 1/2-Evapotranspiration
3-Condensation
4-Precipitation
5-Runoff
6-Inflitration
7-Subsurface flow
8-Base flow
9-Concentrated surface flow
10-interflow (seepage)
Driving forces:
1-Sun
2-Earth's rotation
3-Gravity
4-Residual heat from Earth
,◉ What path does most of the rainfall onto the land surface take in
getting to the ocean? Answer: Runoff
◉ Which hydrologic cycle element acts as a valve, essentially
controlling how fast the water moves? Answer: infiltration
◉ Give an example of why it is important to think of the hydrologic
cycle over the 3-D landscape, and not just at a point Answer: at any
given time you can find water in any of the different locations, it is
never in one place and its always moving. It has not starting point
◉ How do higher stormwater flow rates generally affect streams?
Answer: In urban areas: increase in sediment, causes narrower,
deeper, straighter streams
In rural areas: Wider, shallower, windier streams
◉ Describe why stormwater tends to move a lot of contaminants.
List at least 3 problems caused by sediment as a water contaminant.
Answer: Most pollutants/contaminants are on the surface.
1. clogging of streams
2. impact on aquatic environment
3. sediment carries pollutants with it
, ◉ What are the 2 main problems caused by nitrogen as a water
contaminant? Answer: Causes aquatic life growth, aquatic plants
consume nutrients and die, consumed by other organisms, causes
nitrite
1. Eutrophicaton
2. Converts to nitrites which displaces oxygen in blood ("blue baby
syndrome")
◉ What is the main water quality problem caused by phosphorus as
a water contaminant? Answer: eutrophication increases-lower
dissolved O2 levels
◉ List at least 3 common sources of nitrogen and phosphorus
contamination of water. Answer: septic systems, animal feed lots,
agricultural fertilizers, manure, industrial waste waters, sanitary
landfills, and garbage dumps
◉ From the time that nitrogen is applied to a field surface, how does
it most commonly move through the environment? Answer:
Nitrogen in presence of O2 converts to nitrate which is very mobile
in water, then is converted to Nitrite
FULLY SOLVED MATERIAL
◉ Why is it critical that water stores a lot of energy? Answer: allows
large bodies of water to cool or heat Earth to maintain a
temperature
◉ List the elements of the hydrologic cycle including driving forces
Answer: 1/2-Evapotranspiration
3-Condensation
4-Precipitation
5-Runoff
6-Inflitration
7-Subsurface flow
8-Base flow
9-Concentrated surface flow
10-interflow (seepage)
Driving forces:
1-Sun
2-Earth's rotation
3-Gravity
4-Residual heat from Earth
,◉ What path does most of the rainfall onto the land surface take in
getting to the ocean? Answer: Runoff
◉ Which hydrologic cycle element acts as a valve, essentially
controlling how fast the water moves? Answer: infiltration
◉ Give an example of why it is important to think of the hydrologic
cycle over the 3-D landscape, and not just at a point Answer: at any
given time you can find water in any of the different locations, it is
never in one place and its always moving. It has not starting point
◉ How do higher stormwater flow rates generally affect streams?
Answer: In urban areas: increase in sediment, causes narrower,
deeper, straighter streams
In rural areas: Wider, shallower, windier streams
◉ Describe why stormwater tends to move a lot of contaminants.
List at least 3 problems caused by sediment as a water contaminant.
Answer: Most pollutants/contaminants are on the surface.
1. clogging of streams
2. impact on aquatic environment
3. sediment carries pollutants with it
, ◉ What are the 2 main problems caused by nitrogen as a water
contaminant? Answer: Causes aquatic life growth, aquatic plants
consume nutrients and die, consumed by other organisms, causes
nitrite
1. Eutrophicaton
2. Converts to nitrites which displaces oxygen in blood ("blue baby
syndrome")
◉ What is the main water quality problem caused by phosphorus as
a water contaminant? Answer: eutrophication increases-lower
dissolved O2 levels
◉ List at least 3 common sources of nitrogen and phosphorus
contamination of water. Answer: septic systems, animal feed lots,
agricultural fertilizers, manure, industrial waste waters, sanitary
landfills, and garbage dumps
◉ From the time that nitrogen is applied to a field surface, how does
it most commonly move through the environment? Answer:
Nitrogen in presence of O2 converts to nitrate which is very mobile
in water, then is converted to Nitrite
