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Chapter 1: Indications for Pulmonary Function Testing
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Who first popularized spirometry for the/ evaluation/ of/ pulmonary/ function?
a. August/ and/ Marie/ Krogh
b. Alvan/ Barach
c. John/ Severinghaus
d. John/ Hutchinson
ANS:/ D
Hutchinson/ popularized/ the/ concept/ of/ using/ VC/ to/ assess/ lung/ function,/ and/ the/ names/
he/gave/ to/ several/ other/ lung/ compartments/ are/ still/ used/ today.
DIF: 1 REF: p./ 2 OBJ: None MSC:/ NBRC:/ None
2. Which/ of/ the/ following/ are/ indications/ for/ performing/ spirometry?
1. Assess/ the/ risk/ of/ lung/ resection.
2. Determine/ the/ response/ to/ bronchodilator/ therapy.
3. Assess/ the/ severity/ of/ restrictive/ lung/ disease.
4. Quantify/ the/ extent/ of/ COPD.
a. 1/ and/ 4
b. 2/ and/ 3
c. 1,/ 2,/ and/ 4
d. 2,/ 3,/ and/ 4
ANS:/ C
Spirometry/ cannot/ assess/ severity/ of/ restriction;/ for/ that/ you/ need/ to/ measure/ lung/
volumes/(see/ Box/ 1-2,/ Chapter/ 1).
DIF: 1 REF: p./ 7 OBJ: EL-2 MSC:/ NBRC:/ None
3. The/ main/ indication/ for/ the/ measurement/ of/ lung/ volumes/ is/ to/ do/ which/ of/ the/ following?
a. Diagnose/ or/ assess/ the/ severity/ of/ restriction.
b. Evaluate/ the/ severity/ of/ pulmonary/ hypertension.
c. Determine/ the/ level/ of/ cardiopulmonary/ fitness.
d. Assess/ the/ risk/ of/ abdominal/ surgical/ procedures.
ANS:/ A
The/ most/ common/ reason/ for/ measuring/ lung/ volumes/ is/ to/ identify/ restrictive/ lung/
disease./DIF: 1 REF: p./ 35 OBJ: EL-2 MSC:/ NBRC:/
None
4. DLCO/ measurements/ may/ be/ indicated/ to/ evaluate/ pulmonary/ involvement/ in/ which/ of/
the/following/ systemic/ diseases?
a. Asthma
b. Sarcoidosis
c. Exertional/ hypoxemia
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d. Guillain-Barré/ syndrome
ANS:/ B
Sarcoidosis/ is/ the/ only/ systemic/ disease/ listed/ that/ affects/ gas/ exchange.
DIF: 1 REF: p./ 9/ |/ p./ 19/ |/ p./ 21/ |/ p./ 35 OBJ: EL-2/
MSC:/ NBRC:/ None
5. Blood/ gas/ analysis/ is/ used/ with/ patients/ with/ COPD/ to/ do/ which/ of/ the/ following?
a. Monitor/ airway/ responsiveness.
b. Determine/ level/ of/ cardiopulmonary/ fitness.
c. Detect/ pulmonary/ hypertension.
d. Assess/ need/ for/ supplementary/ O2.
ANS:/ D
Blood/ gas/ analysis/ is/ most/ commonly/ used/ to/ determine/ the/ need/ for/ supplemental/
oxygen/and/ to/ manage/ patients/ who/ require/ ventilatory/ support.
DIF: 2 REF: p./ 15 OBJ: EL-1/
MSC:/ NBRC:/ CPFT/ 2A-2
6. Which/ of/ the/ following/ cause/ emphysema?
1. 1-Antitrypsin/ deficiency
2. Exposure/ to/ environmental/ pollutants
3. Radiation/ therapy
4. Cigarette/ smoking
a. 1/ and/ 2
b. 3/ and/ 4
c. 1,/ 2,/ and/ 4
d. 2,/ 3,/ and/ 4
ANS:/ C
Emphysema/ is/ caused/ primarily/ by/ cigarette/ smoking./ Some/ emphysema/ is/ caused/ by/
the/absence/ of/ a/ protective/ enzyme./ Chronic/ exposure/ to/ environmental/ pollutants/ can/
also/ contribute/ to/ the/ development/ of/ emphysema.
DIF: 1 REF: p./ 11 OBJ: EL-3/ |/ AL-2 MSC:/ NBRC:/ None
7. An/ adult/ patient/ complains/ of/ chest/ tightness/ and/ cough/ whenever/ he/ jogs/ in/ cold/
weather./These/ symptoms/ are/ consistent/ with/ which/ of/ the/ following?
a. Cystic/ fibrosis
b. Asthma
c. Pulmonary/ hypertension
d. Idiopathic/ pulmonary/ fibrosis
ANS:/ B
Agents/ or/ events/ that/ cause/ an/ asthmatic/ episode/ are/ called/ triggers/ (see/ Box/ 1-7,/ Chapter/
1)./ Antigens/ such/ as/ animal/ dander,/ pollens,/ and/ dusts/ are/ the/ most/ common/ triggers./
Other/common/ triggers/ include/ exposure/ to/ air/ pollutants/ and/ exercise/ in/ cold/ or/ dry/ air.
DIF: 2 REF: p./ 16 OBJ: EL-3 MSC:/ NBRC:/ None
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8. Which/ of/ the/ following/ statements/ concerning/ tumors/ in/ the/ upper/ airway/ is/ true?
a. There/ may/ be/ variable/ or/ fixed/ obstruction.
b. Fixed/ obstruction/ will/ be/ present.
c. Variable/ obstruction/ will/ be/ present.
d. Small/ airway/ obstruction/ will/ result.
ANS:/ A
Tumors/ involving/ the/ upper/ airway/ may/ cause/ variable/ or/ fixed/ obstruction.
DIF: 2 REF: p./ 19 OBJ: EL-2/
MSC:/ NBRC:/ CPFT/ 3C-3
9. Sarcoidosis/ is/ a/ systemic/ disorder/ that/ usually/ causes/ which/ of/ the/ following?
a. A/ restrictive/ ventilatory/ defect
b. An/ obstructive/ ventilatory/ defect
c. Hyperreactive/ airways
d. Primary/ pulmonary/ hypertension
ANS:/ A
Restriction/ is/ often/ associated/ with/ the/ following:/ interstitial/ lung/ diseases,/
including/idiopathic/ fibrosis,/ pneumoconioses,/ and/ sarcoidosis.
DIF: 1 REF: p./ 19/ |/ p./ 21 OBJ: EL-3 MSC:/ NBRC:/ None
10. For/ which/ of/ the/ following/ conditions/ might/ pulmonary/ function/ testing/ be/ contraindicated?
a. Vocal/ cord/ dysfunction
b. Untreated/ pneumothorax
c. Congestive/ heart/ failure/ (CHF)
d. Bronchiolitis/ obliterans
ANS:/ B
Pulmonary/ function/ tests/ are/ usually/ contraindicated/ in/ the/ presence/ of/ pneumothorax./
However,/ undiagnosed/ pneumothorax/ may/ present/ a/ risk/ if/ pulmonary/ function/ studies/
areperformed.
/
DIF: 1 REF: p./ 23 OBJ: EL-4/
MSC:/ NBRC:/ CPFT/ 2B-6
11. Which/ of/ the/ following/ correctly/ describe(s)/ appropriate/ physical/ measurements/
before/pulmonary/ function/ testing?
1. Actual/ body/ weight/ should/ be/ used/ to/ calculate/ predicted/ values.
2. Standing/ height/ should/ be/ measured/ when/ the/ patient/ is/ barefoot.
3. Arm/ span/ should/ be/ used/ instead/ of/ height/ for/ a/ patient/ with/ kyphosis.
4. Age/ should/ be/ recorded/ to/ the/ nearest/ decade/ (10/ years).
a. 1/ only
b. 2/ and/ 3
c. 1,/ 2,/ and/ 4
d./ 1,/ 2,/ 3,/ and/ 4/
ANS:/ B
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Various/ physical/ measurements/ are/ required/ for/ estimating/ each/ patient’s/ expected/ level/
of/pulmonary/ function./ Age/ to/ the/ nearest/ month,/ height/ to/ the/ nearest/ 0.1/ cm,/ and/ weight/
are/usually/ recorded/ in/ addition/ to/ the/ patient’s/ gender./ Race/ or/ ethnic/ origin/ should/ also/
be/ recorded./ (Although/ body/ weight/ is/ recorded,/ it/ is/ not/ used/ to/ calculate/ predicted/
values.)
DIF: 1 REF: p./ 29 OBJ: None/
MSC:/ NBRC:/ CPFT/ 3A-20
12. In/ addition/ to/ explaining/ the/ procedure/ for/ each/ pulmonary/ function/ test/ to/ the/ patient,/
the/pulmonary/ function/ technologist/ should/ do/ which/ of/ the/ following?
a. Briefly/ explain/ the/ physiologic/ basis/ of/ the/ test.
b. Demonstrate/ the/ correct/ performance/ of/ the/ test/ maneuver.
c. Limit/ feedback/ to/ the/ patient/ to/ reduce/ the/ placebo/ effect.
d. Explain/ the/ exact/ number/ of/ efforts/ that/ will/ be/ required/ for/ each/ test.
ANS:/ B
In/ addition/ to/ a/ description/ of/ the/ test,/ the/ maneuver/ should/ always/ be/ demonstrated.
DIF: 1 REF: p./ 32 OBJ: None/
MSC:/ NBRC:/ CPFT/ 2B-6
13. The/ single-breath/ diffusing/ capacity/ test/ was/ first/ described/ by:
a. John/ Severinghaus
b. August/ and/ Marie/ Krogh
c. Robert/ Hyatt
d. Leland/ Clark
ANS:/ B
The/ basis/ for/ the/ modern/ single-breath/ diffusing/ capacity/ (DLCO)/ test/ was/ described/
by/August/ and/ Marie/ Krogh/ in/ 1911.
DIF: 1 REF: p./ 5 OBJ: None MSC:/ NBRC:/ None
14. DLCO/ measurements/ may/ be/ indicated/ to/ evaluate/ gas/ exchange/ abnormality/ in/ which/ of/
the/following?
a. Ketoacidosis
b. Myasthenia/ gravis
c. Interstitial/ lung/ disease
d. Bronchitis
ANS:/ C
The/ other/ options/ do/ not/ affect/ the/ alveolar/ capillary/ membrane/ interface.
DIF: 1 REF: p./ 9 OBJ: EL-2 MSC:/ NBRC:/ None
15. Vocal/ cord/ dysfunction/ will/ typically/ affect/ the/ flow-volume/ loop/ in/ what/ way?
a. Blunt/ the/ expiratory/ portion/ of/ the/ curve
b. Blunt/ both/ the/ inspiratory/ and/ expiratory/ portions/ of/ the/ curve
c. Blunt/ the/ inspiratory/ portion/ of/ the/ curve
d. Have/ no/ effect/ on/ the/ curve/ but/ cause/ inspiratory/ stridor
Chapter 1: Indications for Pulmonary Function Testing
Test Bank
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Who first popularized spirometry for the/ evaluation/ of/ pulmonary/ function?
a. August/ and/ Marie/ Krogh
b. Alvan/ Barach
c. John/ Severinghaus
d. John/ Hutchinson
ANS:/ D
Hutchinson/ popularized/ the/ concept/ of/ using/ VC/ to/ assess/ lung/ function,/ and/ the/ names/
he/gave/ to/ several/ other/ lung/ compartments/ are/ still/ used/ today.
DIF: 1 REF: p./ 2 OBJ: None MSC:/ NBRC:/ None
2. Which/ of/ the/ following/ are/ indications/ for/ performing/ spirometry?
1. Assess/ the/ risk/ of/ lung/ resection.
2. Determine/ the/ response/ to/ bronchodilator/ therapy.
3. Assess/ the/ severity/ of/ restrictive/ lung/ disease.
4. Quantify/ the/ extent/ of/ COPD.
a. 1/ and/ 4
b. 2/ and/ 3
c. 1,/ 2,/ and/ 4
d. 2,/ 3,/ and/ 4
ANS:/ C
Spirometry/ cannot/ assess/ severity/ of/ restriction;/ for/ that/ you/ need/ to/ measure/ lung/
volumes/(see/ Box/ 1-2,/ Chapter/ 1).
DIF: 1 REF: p./ 7 OBJ: EL-2 MSC:/ NBRC:/ None
3. The/ main/ indication/ for/ the/ measurement/ of/ lung/ volumes/ is/ to/ do/ which/ of/ the/ following?
a. Diagnose/ or/ assess/ the/ severity/ of/ restriction.
b. Evaluate/ the/ severity/ of/ pulmonary/ hypertension.
c. Determine/ the/ level/ of/ cardiopulmonary/ fitness.
d. Assess/ the/ risk/ of/ abdominal/ surgical/ procedures.
ANS:/ A
The/ most/ common/ reason/ for/ measuring/ lung/ volumes/ is/ to/ identify/ restrictive/ lung/
disease./DIF: 1 REF: p./ 35 OBJ: EL-2 MSC:/ NBRC:/
None
4. DLCO/ measurements/ may/ be/ indicated/ to/ evaluate/ pulmonary/ involvement/ in/ which/ of/
the/following/ systemic/ diseases?
a. Asthma
b. Sarcoidosis
c. Exertional/ hypoxemia
, Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material
d. Guillain-Barré/ syndrome
ANS:/ B
Sarcoidosis/ is/ the/ only/ systemic/ disease/ listed/ that/ affects/ gas/ exchange.
DIF: 1 REF: p./ 9/ |/ p./ 19/ |/ p./ 21/ |/ p./ 35 OBJ: EL-2/
MSC:/ NBRC:/ None
5. Blood/ gas/ analysis/ is/ used/ with/ patients/ with/ COPD/ to/ do/ which/ of/ the/ following?
a. Monitor/ airway/ responsiveness.
b. Determine/ level/ of/ cardiopulmonary/ fitness.
c. Detect/ pulmonary/ hypertension.
d. Assess/ need/ for/ supplementary/ O2.
ANS:/ D
Blood/ gas/ analysis/ is/ most/ commonly/ used/ to/ determine/ the/ need/ for/ supplemental/
oxygen/and/ to/ manage/ patients/ who/ require/ ventilatory/ support.
DIF: 2 REF: p./ 15 OBJ: EL-1/
MSC:/ NBRC:/ CPFT/ 2A-2
6. Which/ of/ the/ following/ cause/ emphysema?
1. 1-Antitrypsin/ deficiency
2. Exposure/ to/ environmental/ pollutants
3. Radiation/ therapy
4. Cigarette/ smoking
a. 1/ and/ 2
b. 3/ and/ 4
c. 1,/ 2,/ and/ 4
d. 2,/ 3,/ and/ 4
ANS:/ C
Emphysema/ is/ caused/ primarily/ by/ cigarette/ smoking./ Some/ emphysema/ is/ caused/ by/
the/absence/ of/ a/ protective/ enzyme./ Chronic/ exposure/ to/ environmental/ pollutants/ can/
also/ contribute/ to/ the/ development/ of/ emphysema.
DIF: 1 REF: p./ 11 OBJ: EL-3/ |/ AL-2 MSC:/ NBRC:/ None
7. An/ adult/ patient/ complains/ of/ chest/ tightness/ and/ cough/ whenever/ he/ jogs/ in/ cold/
weather./These/ symptoms/ are/ consistent/ with/ which/ of/ the/ following?
a. Cystic/ fibrosis
b. Asthma
c. Pulmonary/ hypertension
d. Idiopathic/ pulmonary/ fibrosis
ANS:/ B
Agents/ or/ events/ that/ cause/ an/ asthmatic/ episode/ are/ called/ triggers/ (see/ Box/ 1-7,/ Chapter/
1)./ Antigens/ such/ as/ animal/ dander,/ pollens,/ and/ dusts/ are/ the/ most/ common/ triggers./
Other/common/ triggers/ include/ exposure/ to/ air/ pollutants/ and/ exercise/ in/ cold/ or/ dry/ air.
DIF: 2 REF: p./ 16 OBJ: EL-3 MSC:/ NBRC:/ None
, Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material
8. Which/ of/ the/ following/ statements/ concerning/ tumors/ in/ the/ upper/ airway/ is/ true?
a. There/ may/ be/ variable/ or/ fixed/ obstruction.
b. Fixed/ obstruction/ will/ be/ present.
c. Variable/ obstruction/ will/ be/ present.
d. Small/ airway/ obstruction/ will/ result.
ANS:/ A
Tumors/ involving/ the/ upper/ airway/ may/ cause/ variable/ or/ fixed/ obstruction.
DIF: 2 REF: p./ 19 OBJ: EL-2/
MSC:/ NBRC:/ CPFT/ 3C-3
9. Sarcoidosis/ is/ a/ systemic/ disorder/ that/ usually/ causes/ which/ of/ the/ following?
a. A/ restrictive/ ventilatory/ defect
b. An/ obstructive/ ventilatory/ defect
c. Hyperreactive/ airways
d. Primary/ pulmonary/ hypertension
ANS:/ A
Restriction/ is/ often/ associated/ with/ the/ following:/ interstitial/ lung/ diseases,/
including/idiopathic/ fibrosis,/ pneumoconioses,/ and/ sarcoidosis.
DIF: 1 REF: p./ 19/ |/ p./ 21 OBJ: EL-3 MSC:/ NBRC:/ None
10. For/ which/ of/ the/ following/ conditions/ might/ pulmonary/ function/ testing/ be/ contraindicated?
a. Vocal/ cord/ dysfunction
b. Untreated/ pneumothorax
c. Congestive/ heart/ failure/ (CHF)
d. Bronchiolitis/ obliterans
ANS:/ B
Pulmonary/ function/ tests/ are/ usually/ contraindicated/ in/ the/ presence/ of/ pneumothorax./
However,/ undiagnosed/ pneumothorax/ may/ present/ a/ risk/ if/ pulmonary/ function/ studies/
areperformed.
/
DIF: 1 REF: p./ 23 OBJ: EL-4/
MSC:/ NBRC:/ CPFT/ 2B-6
11. Which/ of/ the/ following/ correctly/ describe(s)/ appropriate/ physical/ measurements/
before/pulmonary/ function/ testing?
1. Actual/ body/ weight/ should/ be/ used/ to/ calculate/ predicted/ values.
2. Standing/ height/ should/ be/ measured/ when/ the/ patient/ is/ barefoot.
3. Arm/ span/ should/ be/ used/ instead/ of/ height/ for/ a/ patient/ with/ kyphosis.
4. Age/ should/ be/ recorded/ to/ the/ nearest/ decade/ (10/ years).
a. 1/ only
b. 2/ and/ 3
c. 1,/ 2,/ and/ 4
d./ 1,/ 2,/ 3,/ and/ 4/
ANS:/ B
, Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material
Various/ physical/ measurements/ are/ required/ for/ estimating/ each/ patient’s/ expected/ level/
of/pulmonary/ function./ Age/ to/ the/ nearest/ month,/ height/ to/ the/ nearest/ 0.1/ cm,/ and/ weight/
are/usually/ recorded/ in/ addition/ to/ the/ patient’s/ gender./ Race/ or/ ethnic/ origin/ should/ also/
be/ recorded./ (Although/ body/ weight/ is/ recorded,/ it/ is/ not/ used/ to/ calculate/ predicted/
values.)
DIF: 1 REF: p./ 29 OBJ: None/
MSC:/ NBRC:/ CPFT/ 3A-20
12. In/ addition/ to/ explaining/ the/ procedure/ for/ each/ pulmonary/ function/ test/ to/ the/ patient,/
the/pulmonary/ function/ technologist/ should/ do/ which/ of/ the/ following?
a. Briefly/ explain/ the/ physiologic/ basis/ of/ the/ test.
b. Demonstrate/ the/ correct/ performance/ of/ the/ test/ maneuver.
c. Limit/ feedback/ to/ the/ patient/ to/ reduce/ the/ placebo/ effect.
d. Explain/ the/ exact/ number/ of/ efforts/ that/ will/ be/ required/ for/ each/ test.
ANS:/ B
In/ addition/ to/ a/ description/ of/ the/ test,/ the/ maneuver/ should/ always/ be/ demonstrated.
DIF: 1 REF: p./ 32 OBJ: None/
MSC:/ NBRC:/ CPFT/ 2B-6
13. The/ single-breath/ diffusing/ capacity/ test/ was/ first/ described/ by:
a. John/ Severinghaus
b. August/ and/ Marie/ Krogh
c. Robert/ Hyatt
d. Leland/ Clark
ANS:/ B
The/ basis/ for/ the/ modern/ single-breath/ diffusing/ capacity/ (DLCO)/ test/ was/ described/
by/August/ and/ Marie/ Krogh/ in/ 1911.
DIF: 1 REF: p./ 5 OBJ: None MSC:/ NBRC:/ None
14. DLCO/ measurements/ may/ be/ indicated/ to/ evaluate/ gas/ exchange/ abnormality/ in/ which/ of/
the/following?
a. Ketoacidosis
b. Myasthenia/ gravis
c. Interstitial/ lung/ disease
d. Bronchitis
ANS:/ C
The/ other/ options/ do/ not/ affect/ the/ alveolar/ capillary/ membrane/ interface.
DIF: 1 REF: p./ 9 OBJ: EL-2 MSC:/ NBRC:/ None
15. Vocal/ cord/ dysfunction/ will/ typically/ affect/ the/ flow-volume/ loop/ in/ what/ way?
a. Blunt/ the/ expiratory/ portion/ of/ the/ curve
b. Blunt/ both/ the/ inspiratory/ and/ expiratory/ portions/ of/ the/ curve
c. Blunt/ the/ inspiratory/ portion/ of/ the/ curve
d. Have/ no/ effect/ on/ the/ curve/ but/ cause/ inspiratory/ stridor
