Diuretics

learning outcomes




·
types of diuretics


·
different M O A
. .




·
clinical actions




what are diuretics !




·
water pills

· Increase diuresis (production of urine)



· decrease volume of blood (stroke volume



fluid the
· remove excess in
body



Nephron reabsorption pathways



1
. N
NHE/SGLT




* & 3 . Enac aquaporins
2 . NRC




Types of diuretic




·
loops diuretics


· thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics


·
potassium sparing diveretics

-
aldosterone antagonist

-
sodium channel blockers

, loop diuretics -
mechanism of action




loop of henle

C >
-
indone Transports > site
-
of action of loop diuretics
/
epithelial membrane




·
Na/k/2(1 transporter (NK(C) carries out one Na , k and 211 ions .



Net loss of Nacl through the chloride and the Nalk
·

activity of the potassium exchanger ATPase

-
water
reabsorption ·
follows by Osmosis > - retained in the body

back into the body if you block NEC >
- What diuretics do


-
Na can't leave


-water remains in the tubule




loop diuretics-clinical uses and considerations




Clinical : side effects :


· relief of breathlessness in acute
pulmonary oedema ·
hypovolemia

·
fluid overload in chronic heart failure ·
hypotension

fluid odamatous states
· overload in other ·
hypokalemia

-
increased risk of digoxin toxicity

example drugs :
furosemide and bumetanide




thiazide diuretics M . O .
A




·
Na/() transporter (NCC) carries O ne
out Na and L ion



· site of action of thiazide diuretics




~ Net loss of Nall



water
·
follows by osmosis




· if blocked "Not can't leave and water trapped in
:
tubule