Biology 1201 Final Exam Gregg Actual Exam Newest Actual
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subatomic particles - ANSWERS--protons, neutrons, electrons
Proton charge and location - ANSWERS--positive, nucleus
Neutron charge and location - ANSWERS--neutral, nucleus
Electron charge and location - ANSWERS--negative (-) and outside
nucleus in electron cloud
valence electrons - ANSWERS--electrons in the outermost shell
incomplete valence shells - ANSWERS--atoms can share or transfer
electrons with other atoms, or make chemical bonds
Atoms valence - ANSWERS--Bonding capacity = the number of
unpaired electrons required to complete valence shell
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Chemically inert - ANSWERS--Atoms with a full valence shell, do not
form bonds
Covalent bond - ANSWERS--the sharing of a pair of valence electrons
by two atoms
Electronegativity - ANSWERS--A measure of the ability of an atom in
a chemical compound to attract electrons
nonpolar covalent bond - ANSWERS--Share e- equally
polar covalent bond - ANSWERS--unequal sharing of electrons
The # of unpaired e- in the valence shell of an atom = - ANSWERS--
Valence or # of covalent bonds it can form
Properties of water - ANSWERS--cohesive behavior, ability to
moderate temperature, expansion upon freezing, versatility as a
solvent
cohesion of water molecules - ANSWERS--hydrogen bonds hold
water molecules together, helps the transport of water against
gravity in plants
moderation of temperature by water - ANSWERS--Water absorbs
heat from warmer air and releases stored heat to cooler air
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Water can absorb or release a large amount of heat with only a slight
change in its own temperature
Versatility as a Solvent (Water) - ANSWERS--The property of water
that allows it to dissolve polar substancess
Solute - ANSWERS--what is being dissolved
aqeuous solution - ANSWERS--a solution in which the solvent is
waters
Solution - ANSWERS--A homogeneous mixture of two or more
substances
Solvent - ANSWERS--A liquid substance capable of dissolving other
substances
Expansion upon freezing of water - ANSWERS--Hydrogen bonds make
ice less dense than liquid water. The lattice structure of ice makes it
less dense than the freely flowing molecules of liquid water, enabling
it to float on water
Hydration Shell - ANSWERS--the sphere of water molecules around a
dissolved ion
High specific heat of water allows - ANSWERS--Minimal temperature
fluctuations to within limits that permit life
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Heat - ANSWERS--thermal energy in transfer from one body of
matter to another
kinetic energy - ANSWERS--energy of motion
potential energy - ANSWERS--stored energy that results from the
position or shape of an object
Hydrophilic - ANSWERS--Affinity to water
Hydrophobic - ANSWERS--Water fearing
if ice sank what would happen? - ANSWERS--all bodies of water
would eventually freeze solid, making life impossible on Earth
water's high specific heat - ANSWERS--Hydrogen Bonding
Heat absorbed - ANSWERS--hydrogen bonds break
Heat released - ANSWERS--hydrogen bonds form
Polarity allows water molecules to form ________ _____ with each
other. - ANSWERS--hydrogen bonds