All cells arise
from other cells
Prokaryotic cells
: Viruses cannot reproduce
: Bacterial cells divide via binary fission
independently
(reject mitosis) which also produces 2
genetically identical daughter cells
Process: : Their attachment proteins allow them
to attach to the host cell receptors
(1) The circular DNA loop and plasmids
replicate.
- The main DNA loop is replicated in 2 : The virus then injects its genetic
loops, and the plasmids can be material into the host cell
replicated lots of times
– this genetic material causes more
genetic material and proteins to be
replicated using the host cell enzymes
(2) Cell grows and circular DNA loops
and ribosomes
move to opposite poles of the cell
- the components assemble to form new
viruses
(3) Cytoplasm begins to divide and new
cell walls begin to form
: The host cell will then burst as the
viruses take over the cell
(4) Cytoplasm divides and two new
- the viruses then go on to invade more
genetically identical daughter cells are
cells
produced
- each daughter cell having one copy of
the circular DNA loop and a variable : Attach onto a host organism using its
number of copies of plasmids attachment proteins
- then inject its nucleic acid into the
host cell where ribosomes will begin to
translate it to make new viral particles
- that will cause the cell to be destroyed
, Mitosis (1) Interphase
: Eukaryotic cells enter cell cycle and : This is the longest stage in the cell
divide by mitosis or meiosis cycle
– whereas prokaryotic cells replicate by – here, the organelles replicate, the
binary fission cell physically grows and the DNA
replicates
: Viruses do not undergo cell division
because they are non-living : These are the 3 main things that
happen in interphase
- they inject their nucleic acid into the
cell and use its resources to replicate : But, at the end of interphase there is
virus particles this error-checking stage where any
mutations are searched for and
detected
: The cell cycle consists of 3 overall – if a mutation is found, cell is
stages: interphase, mitosis and destroyed
cytokinesis
- Within mitosis there are 4 stages,
this means that we can summarise the : There are 3 stages in interphase: G1,
cell cycle being in 5 stages: S, G2
1) Interphase - In G1, cell grows and organelle
replication takes place
2) Prophase
- In S, DNA replication takes place
3) Metaphase
- In G2, cell grows more and proteins
4) Anaphase needed for mitosis are synthesised
5) Telophase (and cytokinesis) (e.g., spindle fibres)
- Remember this order as IPMAT
from other cells
Prokaryotic cells
: Viruses cannot reproduce
: Bacterial cells divide via binary fission
independently
(reject mitosis) which also produces 2
genetically identical daughter cells
Process: : Their attachment proteins allow them
to attach to the host cell receptors
(1) The circular DNA loop and plasmids
replicate.
- The main DNA loop is replicated in 2 : The virus then injects its genetic
loops, and the plasmids can be material into the host cell
replicated lots of times
– this genetic material causes more
genetic material and proteins to be
replicated using the host cell enzymes
(2) Cell grows and circular DNA loops
and ribosomes
move to opposite poles of the cell
- the components assemble to form new
viruses
(3) Cytoplasm begins to divide and new
cell walls begin to form
: The host cell will then burst as the
viruses take over the cell
(4) Cytoplasm divides and two new
- the viruses then go on to invade more
genetically identical daughter cells are
cells
produced
- each daughter cell having one copy of
the circular DNA loop and a variable : Attach onto a host organism using its
number of copies of plasmids attachment proteins
- then inject its nucleic acid into the
host cell where ribosomes will begin to
translate it to make new viral particles
- that will cause the cell to be destroyed
, Mitosis (1) Interphase
: Eukaryotic cells enter cell cycle and : This is the longest stage in the cell
divide by mitosis or meiosis cycle
– whereas prokaryotic cells replicate by – here, the organelles replicate, the
binary fission cell physically grows and the DNA
replicates
: Viruses do not undergo cell division
because they are non-living : These are the 3 main things that
happen in interphase
- they inject their nucleic acid into the
cell and use its resources to replicate : But, at the end of interphase there is
virus particles this error-checking stage where any
mutations are searched for and
detected
: The cell cycle consists of 3 overall – if a mutation is found, cell is
stages: interphase, mitosis and destroyed
cytokinesis
- Within mitosis there are 4 stages,
this means that we can summarise the : There are 3 stages in interphase: G1,
cell cycle being in 5 stages: S, G2
1) Interphase - In G1, cell grows and organelle
replication takes place
2) Prophase
- In S, DNA replication takes place
3) Metaphase
- In G2, cell grows more and proteins
4) Anaphase needed for mitosis are synthesised
5) Telophase (and cytokinesis) (e.g., spindle fibres)
- Remember this order as IPMAT
