Test Bank – Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children, 10th Edition
,CHAPTER 01: CELLULAR.BIOLOGY
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of.metabolic absorption?
a. Cells can produce proteins.
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes.
c. Cells can take in and use nutrients.
d. Cells can synthesize fats.
CORRECT ANSWER: C
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from their.surro
undings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their.descriptions of.cellular metabolic absor
ption.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
2. Where is most of.a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
CORRECT ANSWER: C
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of.RNA, most of.t
he cellular DNA, and the DNA-
binding proteins, such as the histones, which regulate its activity. The mitochondria are responsi
ble for cellular respiration and energy production.
Ribosomes’ chief.function is to provide sites for cellular.protein synthesis. Lysosomes function a
s the intracellular.digestive system.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
3. Which component of.the cell produces hydrogen peroxide.(H2O2) by using oxygen to
,remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
CORRECT ANSWER: B
, Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use oxygen to remove hy
drogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that produces H2O2, which is a po
werful oxidant and potentially destructive if.it accumulates or.escapes from peroxisomes.
Ribosomes are RNA-
protein complexes (nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the nucleolus and secreted into the cy
toplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope called nuclear.pore complexes. Lysosomes are sa
clike structures that originate from the Golgi complex and contain more than 40 digestive enzym
es called hydrolases, which catalyze bonds in proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates.
An endosome is a vesical that has been pinched off.from the cellular membrane.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
4. Which cell component is capable of.cellular.autodigestion when it is released during cell injury?
a. Ribosome
b. Golgi complex
c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
d. Lysosomes
CORRECT ANSWER: D
The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful digestive enzymes wi
thin the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing their leakage into the cytoplasmic matrix. Disr
uption of.the membrane by various treatments or cellular injury leads to a release of.the lysosom
al enzymes, which can then react with their specific substrates, causing cellular self-
digestion. The chief.function of.a ribosome is to provide sites for cellular.protein synthesis. The
Golgi complex is a network of.flattened, smooth vesicles and membranes often located near the
cell nucleus. The.smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in steroid hormone production and
removing toxic substances from the cell.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
5. Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone?
a. Increased heart rate and force of.contraction
b. Secretion of.cortisol
c. Increased retention of.water
d. Breakdown of.fat
,CHAPTER 01: CELLULAR.BIOLOGY
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of.metabolic absorption?
a. Cells can produce proteins.
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes.
c. Cells can take in and use nutrients.
d. Cells can synthesize fats.
CORRECT ANSWER: C
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from their.surro
undings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their.descriptions of.cellular metabolic absor
ption.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
2. Where is most of.a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
CORRECT ANSWER: C
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of.RNA, most of.t
he cellular DNA, and the DNA-
binding proteins, such as the histones, which regulate its activity. The mitochondria are responsi
ble for cellular respiration and energy production.
Ribosomes’ chief.function is to provide sites for cellular.protein synthesis. Lysosomes function a
s the intracellular.digestive system.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
3. Which component of.the cell produces hydrogen peroxide.(H2O2) by using oxygen to
,remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
CORRECT ANSWER: B
, Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use oxygen to remove hy
drogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that produces H2O2, which is a po
werful oxidant and potentially destructive if.it accumulates or.escapes from peroxisomes.
Ribosomes are RNA-
protein complexes (nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the nucleolus and secreted into the cy
toplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope called nuclear.pore complexes. Lysosomes are sa
clike structures that originate from the Golgi complex and contain more than 40 digestive enzym
es called hydrolases, which catalyze bonds in proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates.
An endosome is a vesical that has been pinched off.from the cellular membrane.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
4. Which cell component is capable of.cellular.autodigestion when it is released during cell injury?
a. Ribosome
b. Golgi complex
c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
d. Lysosomes
CORRECT ANSWER: D
The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful digestive enzymes wi
thin the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing their leakage into the cytoplasmic matrix. Disr
uption of.the membrane by various treatments or cellular injury leads to a release of.the lysosom
al enzymes, which can then react with their specific substrates, causing cellular self-
digestion. The chief.function of.a ribosome is to provide sites for cellular.protein synthesis. The
Golgi complex is a network of.flattened, smooth vesicles and membranes often located near the
cell nucleus. The.smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in steroid hormone production and
removing toxic substances from the cell.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
5. Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone?
a. Increased heart rate and force of.contraction
b. Secretion of.cortisol
c. Increased retention of.water
d. Breakdown of.fat
