PCOL838 VASCULAR FUNCTION AND
DISEASE EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
What are the roles of blood vessels?
-Transport and delivery of raw materials to tissues and removal of byproduct from tissues
-Recognition and communication with specialized receptors and messengers on endothelium
What are endothelial cells?
Single layer of cells lining the blood
What do endothelial cells do?
-Secrete growth regulators and vasoactive substances
-Respond to changes in blood flow, stretch, circulating substances and inflammatory mediators
What role do vascular smooth muscle cells have?
Role in regulation of blood pressure
Arteries carry blood ___ the heart
Away from
What is the largerst artery?
The aorta
Size of arteries (increasing order)
Arterioles -> large arteries -> aorta
When do the arteries stretch and recoil?
Stretch during systole and recoil during diastole
1 @COPYRIGHT THESTAR 2025/2026
, Arteries are ___ vessels meaning their vasoconstriction capabilities outweigh their vasodilatory
capacilities
Resistance
What are capillaries?
Terminal portion of arterials made of single layer of endothelial cells
Capillaries allow for transfer of substances (mostly fluid and solute exchange) at endothelial cell
____
Junctions
What is vesicular transport?
Process involving endocytosis of plasma, movement across the endothelial cell cytoplasm, and
exocytosis on the tissue side
Veins carry blood ___ the heart
Back to
What are the largest veins?
The superior and inferior vena cavae
The superior and inferior vena cavae drain blood from body into the ____ of the heart
Right atrium
Do veins or arteries have more smooth muscle and elastic tissue?
Arteries
Veins are ____ vessels meaning their vasodilatory capabilities outweigh their casoconstrictive
ones
Capacitance
Lymphatics collect ____ and its constituents (the lymph) that have drained from capillaries into
the interstitial space
Plasma
The lymphatic system is a system of vessels that eventually drain into the right and left ____
veins
Subclavian
Mean arterial pressure is calculated what two ways?
MAP= 1/3SBP + 2/3DBP
MAP= CO x (SVR or R)
2 @COPYRIGHT THESTAR 2025/2026
DISEASE EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
What are the roles of blood vessels?
-Transport and delivery of raw materials to tissues and removal of byproduct from tissues
-Recognition and communication with specialized receptors and messengers on endothelium
What are endothelial cells?
Single layer of cells lining the blood
What do endothelial cells do?
-Secrete growth regulators and vasoactive substances
-Respond to changes in blood flow, stretch, circulating substances and inflammatory mediators
What role do vascular smooth muscle cells have?
Role in regulation of blood pressure
Arteries carry blood ___ the heart
Away from
What is the largerst artery?
The aorta
Size of arteries (increasing order)
Arterioles -> large arteries -> aorta
When do the arteries stretch and recoil?
Stretch during systole and recoil during diastole
1 @COPYRIGHT THESTAR 2025/2026
, Arteries are ___ vessels meaning their vasoconstriction capabilities outweigh their vasodilatory
capacilities
Resistance
What are capillaries?
Terminal portion of arterials made of single layer of endothelial cells
Capillaries allow for transfer of substances (mostly fluid and solute exchange) at endothelial cell
____
Junctions
What is vesicular transport?
Process involving endocytosis of plasma, movement across the endothelial cell cytoplasm, and
exocytosis on the tissue side
Veins carry blood ___ the heart
Back to
What are the largest veins?
The superior and inferior vena cavae
The superior and inferior vena cavae drain blood from body into the ____ of the heart
Right atrium
Do veins or arteries have more smooth muscle and elastic tissue?
Arteries
Veins are ____ vessels meaning their vasodilatory capabilities outweigh their casoconstrictive
ones
Capacitance
Lymphatics collect ____ and its constituents (the lymph) that have drained from capillaries into
the interstitial space
Plasma
The lymphatic system is a system of vessels that eventually drain into the right and left ____
veins
Subclavian
Mean arterial pressure is calculated what two ways?
MAP= 1/3SBP + 2/3DBP
MAP= CO x (SVR or R)
2 @COPYRIGHT THESTAR 2025/2026
