Questions and Answers 100% Pass
Native Americans; land bridge - ✔✔first people to settle North America; arrived as
much as 40,000 years ago via a land bridge that then connected Siberia and Alaska
Sioux; Pawnee - ✔✔small Native American tribes, more nomadic than others; followed
herds of buffalo on the Great Plains
Pueblo; Adena; Hopewell; Mississippian; Iriquois - ✔✔larger Native American tribes;
had complex cultures and societies in which thousands lived and worked together
Mayas; Incas; Aztecs - ✔✔Native American tribes of Central and South America that
developed complex civilizations; carried on extensive trade and created calendars that
were based on accurate scientific observations
Renaissance - ✔✔a rebirth of classical learning and an outburst of artistic and scientific
activity in Europe; from the late 1400s to the early 1500s; characterized by a gradual
increase in scientific knowledge and technological change
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, technology; compass; printing press - ✔✔brought about by the Renaissance; the
compass aided navigation/exploration and the printing press aided the spread of
knowledge across Europe
Ferdinand and Isabella - ✔✔succeeded in defeating the Moors of Granada in the same
year that Columbus sailed on his historic voyage; the uniting of Spain under them was a
sign of new leadership, hope, and power for European believers in the Roman Catholic
faith
Protestant Reformation - ✔✔the revolt of certain Christians in northern European
countries against the authority of the pope in Rome; led to a series of religious wars and
created a religious motive for exploration and colonization
Henry the Navigator - ✔✔Prince of Portugal; sponsored voyages of exploration that
eventually succeeded in opening up a long sea route along South Africa's Cape of Good
Hope
nation-states - ✔✔countries in which the majority of people share both a common
culture and a common political loyalty toward a central government; built in Spain,
Portugal, France, England, and the Netherlands in the 15th century
Christopher Columbus - ✔✔Italian-born explorer who won the backing of Isabella and
Ferdinand for a voyage west from Europe to the Indies; originally landed in the
Bahamas but believed he had found a western route to Asia
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