USMLE step 2 CK with complete solution(Latest 2024 update)

USMLE step 2 CK with complete solution(Latest 2024 update) pregnant with active HBV - tx newborn with HBIG and HBV vaccine Beck's triad for tamponade - hypotension, JVD, muffled heart sounds (also pulsus paradoxus). Electrical alternans subarachnoid hemorrhage - increased ADH and BNP --> hyponatremia. Tx - water restriction coccidioidomycosis - SW US, central/south America. Pulm infection - dry cough, weight loss, pleuritic chest pain, erythema multiforme/nodosum, arthralgias histoplasmosis - SE US, mid Atlantic, central US, caves. Acute PNA, but usually asymptomatic. HIV disseminated infection- hilar LAD, pneumonitis, pancytopenia, hepatosplenomegaly, palatal ulcers. tx- IV amphotericin B followed by lifelong itraconazole. Blastomycosis - central US (most in Wisconsin). Often asymptomatic or flu-like Sx. Systemic disease- lytic bone lesions, pulmonary infection, skin lesions. Dx- broad-based budding yeast. Txitraconazole, amphotericin B aspergillosis - invasive in IMCD. CXR - cavitary lesions. CT - pulm nodules, halo sign, air crescent sporotrichosis - subcutaneous infection. Gardeners. Travel up lymphatics for nodules on forearms cryptococcus - pulm infection often asymptomatic. Usually meningoencephalitis in HIV with CD4<200 hemochromatosis infections - Listeria monocytogenes, Yersinia enterocolitica, septicemia - Vibrio vulnificus Narcolepsy treatment - methyldphenidate, modafinil, antidepressants (for cataplexy) galactorrhea - test B-HCG, prolactin, TSH septic abortion - cervical/blood cultures, antibiotics, gentle suction currettage Lesch-Nyhan - x-linked recessive, HPRT deficiency, increased uric acid. Sx - self mutilation, dystonia, spacticity, gout. Presents at 6 months. minimal change disease -tx - prednisone, cyclophosphamide for resistant cases/frequent relapse Sturge-Weber - seizures, retardation, trigeminal port-wine stain, hemi neuro findings, tramline intracranial calcifications