ACADEMIEJAAR 2021-2022
BUSINESS ANALYSIS
SAMENVATTING
HOGENT – TOEGEPASTE INFORMATICA – FUNCTIONAL & BUSINESS ANALIST
Jaar 3 – sem 1
,Inhoudsopgave
HOOFDSTUK 1: INLEIDING ............................................................................................................... 3
HOOFDSTUK 2: ELICITEREN .............................................................................................................. 4
PROCESSEN ONTDEKKEN ............................................................................................................................4
ELICITATIETECHNIEKEN ..............................................................................................................................5
Creatieve technieken .......................................................................................................................6
Uitvraagtechnieken ..........................................................................................................................7
Documentatie-georiënteerde technieken .....................................................................................11
Techniekkeuze ...............................................................................................................................13
Invloed bedrijfscultuur ...................................................................................................................14
ADDENDUM: INTERVIEW TIPS ...................................................................................................................14
HOOFDSTUK 3: DOCUMENTEREN .................................................................................................. 16
USER STORIES ........................................................................................................................................16
Wat is een user story?....................................................................................................................16
Waarom? .......................................................................................................................................16
User story schrijven........................................................................................................................17
Stories, epics & tasks......................................................................................................................18
Epics ...............................................................................................................................................18
Tasks...............................................................................................................................................18
CUSTOMER JOURNEY ..............................................................................................................................19
Stappenplan ...................................................................................................................................19
VAN CUSTOMER JOURNEY NAAR STORY MAP ...............................................................................................19
HOOFDSTUK 4: VALIDEREN ............................................................................................................ 22
TESTEN .................................................................................................................................................23
Wat? ...............................................................................................................................................23
Waarom? .......................................................................................................................................23
Wanneer?.......................................................................................................................................24
Toegevoegde waarde testen..........................................................................................................25
Test goal / de 10 testprincipes .......................................................................................................25
Soorten testen ...............................................................................................................................27
HET TESTPLAN .......................................................................................................................................29
Wie voert er de testen uit? ............................................................................................................29
KWALITEITSBORGING ..............................................................................................................................31
Toetstechnieken.............................................................................................................................31
HOOFDSTUK 5: MANAGEN ............................................................................................................ 35
PRODUCT OWNER ..................................................................................................................................35
PRODUCT BACKLOG ................................................................................................................................35
ESTIMATING ..........................................................................................................................................35
REFINEMENT SESSIE ................................................................................................................................36
SPRINT PLANNING ..................................................................................................................................36
SCRUM MASTER .....................................................................................................................................37
DEFINITION OF DONE ..............................................................................................................................37
AGILE PRINCIPES ....................................................................................................................................38
Extreme programming - XP ............................................................................................................38
HOOFDSTUK 6: PROCESSEN ........................................................................................................... 40
DEFINITIE VAN EEN PROCES ......................................................................................................................40
1
, BPM ...................................................................................................................................................40
Waarom? .......................................................................................................................................41
Hoe toepassen?..............................................................................................................................41
VERKLARING VAN DE BEGRIPPEN ...............................................................................................................42
END-TO-END .........................................................................................................................................42
Belang van processen ....................................................................................................................43
Procesmodel ..................................................................................................................................44
Sturende processen .......................................................................................................................44
Primaire processen ........................................................................................................................44
Ondersteunende processen ...........................................................................................................44
Problemen bij processen................................................................................................................44
Processen in verschillende organisatietypes .................................................................................45
STARTEN MET SLEUTELPROCESSEN .............................................................................................................46
HOOFDSTUK 7: BUSINESS PROCESS MODELING ............................................................................. 47
BPMN POORTEN ...................................................................................................................................53
ACTIVITEITEN.........................................................................................................................................54
VERBINDINGSELEMENTEN ........................................................................................................................55
EXPLICIETEVS. IMPLICIETE CONTROLE-FLOW (SEMANTIEK)..............................................................................56
DEFAULTE FLOWS ...................................................................................................................................56
START EVENTS .......................................................................................................................................56
END EVENTS ..........................................................................................................................................57
INTERMEDIATE EVENTS ............................................................................................................................57
CATCHING VS. THROWING .......................................................................................................................58
...........................................................................................................................................................58
UITZONDERINGSSTROMEN .......................................................................................................................58
SOORTEN ACTIVITEITEN ...........................................................................................................................59
PROCES-DECOMPOSITIE ...........................................................................................................................59
PROCES HERGEBRUIKEN ...........................................................................................................................60
SYNTAX-REGELS VOOR SUBPROCESSEN .......................................................................................................60
STANDAARD LUSSEN (LOOPS) ...................................................................................................................60
POORTEN: SAMENVATING ........................................................................................................................61
EVENT-DRIVEN POORT.............................................................................................................................61
HOOFDPROCES MET NIET-ONDERBREKENDE UITZONDERINGSTROOM ...............................................................62
OFF-PAGE CONNECTION ..........................................................................................................................63
VAAK VOORKOMENDE FOUTEN .................................................................................................................64
STAPPENPLAN BPMN-DIAGRAM ..............................................................................................................64
TIPS: ....................................................................................................................................................64
VOORDELEN EN BEPERKINGEN BPMN .......................................................................................................64
SAMENVATTING SYMBOLEN BPMN...........................................................................................................65
2
, Hoofdstuk 1: inleiding
“Kwaliteitsvolle ICT projecten succesvol opleveren”
Ontleding:
Kwaliteitsvol:
- functionele requirements
o use cases
- niet functionele requirements
o SMART (specifiek, meetbaar, acceptabel, realistisch, tijdsgebonden)
Ict:
- Software
- Hardware
Projecten:
- Scope
o IT & Business
o Features
o Functionality
- Resources
o Kost
o Budget
- Schedule
o Tijd
Opleveren:
- Testen
- Contract
Situering business analysis:
- Verhaal capteren
o Externe opdrachtgever + omzetten naar requirements
- Kritische ingesteldheid
o Haalbaarheid/ keuzes
Business-IT alignment = top prioriteit voor veel CIO’s
Business-analist zorgt voor betere afstemming tot business(extern & interne klant) & IT door mee te
denken over behoeften business
3
BUSINESS ANALYSIS
SAMENVATTING
HOGENT – TOEGEPASTE INFORMATICA – FUNCTIONAL & BUSINESS ANALIST
Jaar 3 – sem 1
,Inhoudsopgave
HOOFDSTUK 1: INLEIDING ............................................................................................................... 3
HOOFDSTUK 2: ELICITEREN .............................................................................................................. 4
PROCESSEN ONTDEKKEN ............................................................................................................................4
ELICITATIETECHNIEKEN ..............................................................................................................................5
Creatieve technieken .......................................................................................................................6
Uitvraagtechnieken ..........................................................................................................................7
Documentatie-georiënteerde technieken .....................................................................................11
Techniekkeuze ...............................................................................................................................13
Invloed bedrijfscultuur ...................................................................................................................14
ADDENDUM: INTERVIEW TIPS ...................................................................................................................14
HOOFDSTUK 3: DOCUMENTEREN .................................................................................................. 16
USER STORIES ........................................................................................................................................16
Wat is een user story?....................................................................................................................16
Waarom? .......................................................................................................................................16
User story schrijven........................................................................................................................17
Stories, epics & tasks......................................................................................................................18
Epics ...............................................................................................................................................18
Tasks...............................................................................................................................................18
CUSTOMER JOURNEY ..............................................................................................................................19
Stappenplan ...................................................................................................................................19
VAN CUSTOMER JOURNEY NAAR STORY MAP ...............................................................................................19
HOOFDSTUK 4: VALIDEREN ............................................................................................................ 22
TESTEN .................................................................................................................................................23
Wat? ...............................................................................................................................................23
Waarom? .......................................................................................................................................23
Wanneer?.......................................................................................................................................24
Toegevoegde waarde testen..........................................................................................................25
Test goal / de 10 testprincipes .......................................................................................................25
Soorten testen ...............................................................................................................................27
HET TESTPLAN .......................................................................................................................................29
Wie voert er de testen uit? ............................................................................................................29
KWALITEITSBORGING ..............................................................................................................................31
Toetstechnieken.............................................................................................................................31
HOOFDSTUK 5: MANAGEN ............................................................................................................ 35
PRODUCT OWNER ..................................................................................................................................35
PRODUCT BACKLOG ................................................................................................................................35
ESTIMATING ..........................................................................................................................................35
REFINEMENT SESSIE ................................................................................................................................36
SPRINT PLANNING ..................................................................................................................................36
SCRUM MASTER .....................................................................................................................................37
DEFINITION OF DONE ..............................................................................................................................37
AGILE PRINCIPES ....................................................................................................................................38
Extreme programming - XP ............................................................................................................38
HOOFDSTUK 6: PROCESSEN ........................................................................................................... 40
DEFINITIE VAN EEN PROCES ......................................................................................................................40
1
, BPM ...................................................................................................................................................40
Waarom? .......................................................................................................................................41
Hoe toepassen?..............................................................................................................................41
VERKLARING VAN DE BEGRIPPEN ...............................................................................................................42
END-TO-END .........................................................................................................................................42
Belang van processen ....................................................................................................................43
Procesmodel ..................................................................................................................................44
Sturende processen .......................................................................................................................44
Primaire processen ........................................................................................................................44
Ondersteunende processen ...........................................................................................................44
Problemen bij processen................................................................................................................44
Processen in verschillende organisatietypes .................................................................................45
STARTEN MET SLEUTELPROCESSEN .............................................................................................................46
HOOFDSTUK 7: BUSINESS PROCESS MODELING ............................................................................. 47
BPMN POORTEN ...................................................................................................................................53
ACTIVITEITEN.........................................................................................................................................54
VERBINDINGSELEMENTEN ........................................................................................................................55
EXPLICIETEVS. IMPLICIETE CONTROLE-FLOW (SEMANTIEK)..............................................................................56
DEFAULTE FLOWS ...................................................................................................................................56
START EVENTS .......................................................................................................................................56
END EVENTS ..........................................................................................................................................57
INTERMEDIATE EVENTS ............................................................................................................................57
CATCHING VS. THROWING .......................................................................................................................58
...........................................................................................................................................................58
UITZONDERINGSSTROMEN .......................................................................................................................58
SOORTEN ACTIVITEITEN ...........................................................................................................................59
PROCES-DECOMPOSITIE ...........................................................................................................................59
PROCES HERGEBRUIKEN ...........................................................................................................................60
SYNTAX-REGELS VOOR SUBPROCESSEN .......................................................................................................60
STANDAARD LUSSEN (LOOPS) ...................................................................................................................60
POORTEN: SAMENVATING ........................................................................................................................61
EVENT-DRIVEN POORT.............................................................................................................................61
HOOFDPROCES MET NIET-ONDERBREKENDE UITZONDERINGSTROOM ...............................................................62
OFF-PAGE CONNECTION ..........................................................................................................................63
VAAK VOORKOMENDE FOUTEN .................................................................................................................64
STAPPENPLAN BPMN-DIAGRAM ..............................................................................................................64
TIPS: ....................................................................................................................................................64
VOORDELEN EN BEPERKINGEN BPMN .......................................................................................................64
SAMENVATTING SYMBOLEN BPMN...........................................................................................................65
2
, Hoofdstuk 1: inleiding
“Kwaliteitsvolle ICT projecten succesvol opleveren”
Ontleding:
Kwaliteitsvol:
- functionele requirements
o use cases
- niet functionele requirements
o SMART (specifiek, meetbaar, acceptabel, realistisch, tijdsgebonden)
Ict:
- Software
- Hardware
Projecten:
- Scope
o IT & Business
o Features
o Functionality
- Resources
o Kost
o Budget
- Schedule
o Tijd
Opleveren:
- Testen
- Contract
Situering business analysis:
- Verhaal capteren
o Externe opdrachtgever + omzetten naar requirements
- Kritische ingesteldheid
o Haalbaarheid/ keuzes
Business-IT alignment = top prioriteit voor veel CIO’s
Business-analist zorgt voor betere afstemming tot business(extern & interne klant) & IT door mee te
denken over behoeften business
3
