1|Page
WGU D027 – Advanced Patho-
Pharmacological Foundations | Complete Test
Bank, Practice Questions, Study Guide
& Rationales | 2025/2026
What medication should you avoid for patients with asthma? - correct-answer--
Beta-blockers
- Use calcium channel blockers to treat heart condition
What some symptoms of patients with asthma? - correct-answer-- Dry cough that
occurs during the night or exercise
- Chest pressure
- Anxiety
- Early awakening
- Fast heart rate
- Throat irritation
- Difficulty breathing, wheezing, mouth breathing, shortness of breath
What are some short-term pharmacological treatments for asthmatic patients? -
correct-answer-- Albuterol (ProAir HFA, Proventil HFA, Ventolin HFA) - provides
symptomatic relief, no effect on the inflammation of the disease process
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- Levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA)
- Metaproterenol
- Terbutaline
What are some triggers that asthmatic patients should avoid? - correct-answer-- Pollen
or particular grasses
- Animals and pet dander
- Pest
- Mold
- Smoke
What is the first step in asthma treatment? - correct-answer-- Inhaled SABA
(short-acting beta2-agonists)
What is the fifth step in asthma treatment? - correct-answer-- High-dose ICS (inhaled
corticosteroids) and LABA (long-acting beta2-agonists)
What is the fourth step in asthma treatment? - correct-answer-- Medium-dose ICS
(inhaled corticosteroids) and LABA (long-acting beta2-agonists)
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What is the third step in asthma treatment? - correct-answer-- Low-dose ICS
(inhaled corticosteroids) and LABA (long-acting beta2-agonists) or medium-dose ICS
(inhaled corticosteroids)
What is the second step in asthma treatment? - correct-answer-- Low-dose ICS (inhaled
corticosteroids) or theophylline
- Singular (Montelukast, leukotriene)
- Cromolyn (Intal, Colom - mast cell stabilizer)
What is the sixth step in asthma treatment? - correct-answer-- High-dose ICS (inhaled
corticosteroids) and LABA (long-acting beta2-agonists) and oral-systemic corticosteroid
What are the main causes of pneumonia? - correct-answer-- Pathogen reaches airway
and overwhelms causing inflammatory cascade
- Fluid forms blocking diffusion (gas exchange) causing hypoxia and ultimately
respiratory failure
- Influenza that progresses down into the lungs
- Streptococcus pneumoniae, Influenza A, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and
Chlamydophila pneumoniae
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What does the CURB acronym mean in regard to pneumonia? - correct-answer--
Confusion
- Urea >7
- Respiratory rate >30
- BP <90 systolic or <60 diastolic
- Age >65
On chest x-ray, what is the difference in viral vs bacterial pneumonia? - correct-
answer-- Viral: diffuse widespread whitening
- Bacterial: patchy and consolidated, lobular
What is the difference between having the flu vs a common cold? - correct-
answer-- Colds usually develop slowly, whereas the flu flue tends to come on
suddenly
- Colds may be a bother, but the flu feels much more worse
After 48 to 72 hours, the skin is checked. What is considered positive? - correct-
answer-- 10 mm
- However, you may see an induration on anyone who's had the TB immunization and
this is considered normal and not positive
WGU D027 – Advanced Patho-
Pharmacological Foundations | Complete Test
Bank, Practice Questions, Study Guide
& Rationales | 2025/2026
What medication should you avoid for patients with asthma? - correct-answer--
Beta-blockers
- Use calcium channel blockers to treat heart condition
What some symptoms of patients with asthma? - correct-answer-- Dry cough that
occurs during the night or exercise
- Chest pressure
- Anxiety
- Early awakening
- Fast heart rate
- Throat irritation
- Difficulty breathing, wheezing, mouth breathing, shortness of breath
What are some short-term pharmacological treatments for asthmatic patients? -
correct-answer-- Albuterol (ProAir HFA, Proventil HFA, Ventolin HFA) - provides
symptomatic relief, no effect on the inflammation of the disease process
,2|Page
- Levalbuterol (Xopenex HFA)
- Metaproterenol
- Terbutaline
What are some triggers that asthmatic patients should avoid? - correct-answer-- Pollen
or particular grasses
- Animals and pet dander
- Pest
- Mold
- Smoke
What is the first step in asthma treatment? - correct-answer-- Inhaled SABA
(short-acting beta2-agonists)
What is the fifth step in asthma treatment? - correct-answer-- High-dose ICS (inhaled
corticosteroids) and LABA (long-acting beta2-agonists)
What is the fourth step in asthma treatment? - correct-answer-- Medium-dose ICS
(inhaled corticosteroids) and LABA (long-acting beta2-agonists)
,3|Page
What is the third step in asthma treatment? - correct-answer-- Low-dose ICS
(inhaled corticosteroids) and LABA (long-acting beta2-agonists) or medium-dose ICS
(inhaled corticosteroids)
What is the second step in asthma treatment? - correct-answer-- Low-dose ICS (inhaled
corticosteroids) or theophylline
- Singular (Montelukast, leukotriene)
- Cromolyn (Intal, Colom - mast cell stabilizer)
What is the sixth step in asthma treatment? - correct-answer-- High-dose ICS (inhaled
corticosteroids) and LABA (long-acting beta2-agonists) and oral-systemic corticosteroid
What are the main causes of pneumonia? - correct-answer-- Pathogen reaches airway
and overwhelms causing inflammatory cascade
- Fluid forms blocking diffusion (gas exchange) causing hypoxia and ultimately
respiratory failure
- Influenza that progresses down into the lungs
- Streptococcus pneumoniae, Influenza A, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and
Chlamydophila pneumoniae
, 4|Page
What does the CURB acronym mean in regard to pneumonia? - correct-answer--
Confusion
- Urea >7
- Respiratory rate >30
- BP <90 systolic or <60 diastolic
- Age >65
On chest x-ray, what is the difference in viral vs bacterial pneumonia? - correct-
answer-- Viral: diffuse widespread whitening
- Bacterial: patchy and consolidated, lobular
What is the difference between having the flu vs a common cold? - correct-
answer-- Colds usually develop slowly, whereas the flu flue tends to come on
suddenly
- Colds may be a bother, but the flu feels much more worse
After 48 to 72 hours, the skin is checked. What is considered positive? - correct-
answer-- 10 mm
- However, you may see an induration on anyone who's had the TB immunization and
this is considered normal and not positive
