COMPREHENSIVE NURSING THEORIES: MASLOW, SULLIVAN, BERNE, AND MORE
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS UPDATED 2025/2026 A COMPLETE SOLUTION
WITH 100% CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS RATED A+ FOR PASS
Maslow's Human Needs Theory — Name & Background CORRECT ANSWERS
Abraham H. Maslow (1908-1970); Humanistic psychologist; Key works: A Theory
of Human Motivation (1943), Motivation and Personality (1954); Founder of
humanistic psychology, emphasizing growth and potential.
Maslow's Human Needs Theory — Core Concept CORRECT ANSWERS
Hierarchy of Needs (Prepotency Principle): 1. Physiological, 2. Safety, 3.
Love/Belonging, 4. Esteem, 5. Self-Actualization; (Later added: Transcendence);
Lower needs must be sufficiently met before higher needs dominate.
Maslow's Theory — Relationship to Nursing CORRECT ANSWERS
Guides nursing prioritization & triage; Basis for NANDA care plans; Community
health: address food, shelter, safety first; Palliative care: psychosocial/spiritual
needs gain priority as physical decline occurs.
Maslow's Theory — Critiques & Applications CORRECT ANSWERS
Critiques: Needs not always sequential; Cultural bias; Small, selective sample of
'self-actualizers'; Applications: Nursing assessment tools, Rehab readiness, Health
education staging, Workplace wellness programs.
Sullivan's Interpersonal Theory — Name & Background CORRECT ANSWERS
Harry Stack Sullivan (1892-1949); Psychiatrist; Shifted focus from intrapsychic
drives → interpersonal relationships.
Sullivan's Interpersonal Theory — Core Concept CORRECT ANSWERS
, COMPREHENSIVE NURSING THEORIES: MASLOW, SULLIVAN, BERNE, AND MORE
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS UPDATED 2025/2026 A COMPLETE SOLUTION
WITH 100% CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS RATED A+ FOR PASS
Personality develops through relationships and culture; Anxiety arises from
unmet security needs; Parataxic distortions: irrational interpersonal perceptions;
Focus on here-and-now interactions.
Sullivan's Theory — Relationship to Nursing CORRECT ANSWERS
Foundation of Peplau's Interpersonal Relations Theory; Core to psychiatric
nursing; Guides: Therapeutic communication, Milieu therapy, Anxiety assessment
& management.
Sullivan's Theory — Critiques & Applications CORRECT ANSWERS
Critiques: Lacks strong empirical testing; Mostly descriptive; Applications: Psych
nursing care plans, De-escalation strategies, Group therapy, Team reflective
practice.
Transactional Analysis — Name & Background CORRECT ANSWERS
Eric Berne (1910-1970); Psychiatrist; Popularized TA in Games People Play (1964).
Transactional Analysis — Core Concept CORRECT ANSWERS
Ego States: Parent, Adult, Child; Transactions: complementary vs crossed; Life
scripts and psychological games shape behavior.
Transactional Analysis — Relationship to Nursing CORRECT ANSWERS
Framework for therapeutic communication; Improves: Patient education, Nurse-
team conflict resolution, SBAR clarity and handoffs.
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS UPDATED 2025/2026 A COMPLETE SOLUTION
WITH 100% CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS RATED A+ FOR PASS
Maslow's Human Needs Theory — Name & Background CORRECT ANSWERS
Abraham H. Maslow (1908-1970); Humanistic psychologist; Key works: A Theory
of Human Motivation (1943), Motivation and Personality (1954); Founder of
humanistic psychology, emphasizing growth and potential.
Maslow's Human Needs Theory — Core Concept CORRECT ANSWERS
Hierarchy of Needs (Prepotency Principle): 1. Physiological, 2. Safety, 3.
Love/Belonging, 4. Esteem, 5. Self-Actualization; (Later added: Transcendence);
Lower needs must be sufficiently met before higher needs dominate.
Maslow's Theory — Relationship to Nursing CORRECT ANSWERS
Guides nursing prioritization & triage; Basis for NANDA care plans; Community
health: address food, shelter, safety first; Palliative care: psychosocial/spiritual
needs gain priority as physical decline occurs.
Maslow's Theory — Critiques & Applications CORRECT ANSWERS
Critiques: Needs not always sequential; Cultural bias; Small, selective sample of
'self-actualizers'; Applications: Nursing assessment tools, Rehab readiness, Health
education staging, Workplace wellness programs.
Sullivan's Interpersonal Theory — Name & Background CORRECT ANSWERS
Harry Stack Sullivan (1892-1949); Psychiatrist; Shifted focus from intrapsychic
drives → interpersonal relationships.
Sullivan's Interpersonal Theory — Core Concept CORRECT ANSWERS
, COMPREHENSIVE NURSING THEORIES: MASLOW, SULLIVAN, BERNE, AND MORE
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS UPDATED 2025/2026 A COMPLETE SOLUTION
WITH 100% CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS RATED A+ FOR PASS
Personality develops through relationships and culture; Anxiety arises from
unmet security needs; Parataxic distortions: irrational interpersonal perceptions;
Focus on here-and-now interactions.
Sullivan's Theory — Relationship to Nursing CORRECT ANSWERS
Foundation of Peplau's Interpersonal Relations Theory; Core to psychiatric
nursing; Guides: Therapeutic communication, Milieu therapy, Anxiety assessment
& management.
Sullivan's Theory — Critiques & Applications CORRECT ANSWERS
Critiques: Lacks strong empirical testing; Mostly descriptive; Applications: Psych
nursing care plans, De-escalation strategies, Group therapy, Team reflective
practice.
Transactional Analysis — Name & Background CORRECT ANSWERS
Eric Berne (1910-1970); Psychiatrist; Popularized TA in Games People Play (1964).
Transactional Analysis — Core Concept CORRECT ANSWERS
Ego States: Parent, Adult, Child; Transactions: complementary vs crossed; Life
scripts and psychological games shape behavior.
Transactional Analysis — Relationship to Nursing CORRECT ANSWERS
Framework for therapeutic communication; Improves: Patient education, Nurse-
team conflict resolution, SBAR clarity and handoffs.
