Chem/Phys review
Separation and Purification
Fluids
● Rate of flow
∆ Pπ r 4
o Poiseuille’s Law: Q=
8 µL
F
● Pressure: P= A
o Patm =760mmHg
m
● Density: p= V
o Density same on any planet
● Buoyancy does not depend on gravity
o To float, buoyant force = gravitational force
o Buoyant force: F b= pVg
▪ Density * volume * gravity
● Ideal gas law: PV =nRT
o R=8.31 J/mol*K
● Hydrostatic pressure: P= ρgh
o Pressure = density * gravity * depth
● Gauge pressure: P=P 0+ ρgh
o Same depth means same gauge pressure
o Use density of fluid, not of object
o When surface pressure = atmospheric pressure, use gauge pressure
ngas
● Partial pressure: in moles
ntotal
1
● Dalton’s Law(partial pressure): mole ratio ∗Pinside
ρ object p fluid
● Specific gravity: sg= =
ρ fluid pwater
o Shows what percent of object is submerged
o Second equation, density of water is 1 g/m3 or 1000 kg/m3
● Specific heat: q=mc ∆T
● Heat generated: ∆ Qrxn =∆ H +∆ PV
, ● Boyle’s Law: PV =¿ constant
V
● Charles’ Law: T =¿ constant
V
● Avogadro’s Law: n =¿ constant
● Henry’s Law says amount of gas dissolved is proportional to partial pressure of gas
above liquid
o k H∗∂ pressure
o kH given
● Continuity Equation: v A A A=v B A B
o Velocity * area
Purification
● Boiling point of water = 374K
o Freezing point of water = 273K
Light and Sound
Light
● UV light most dangerous at 200nm
o UV spectrum 10-400nm
● Visible spectrum, 400-750nm
o Blue lowest wavelength, red highest (of vis spectrum)
o Blue at 475nm
o Red at 700nm
● Infrared light 750nm-1mm (far right of spectrum)
c
● Index of refraction: n= v
● E photon=hf
o h=6.6∗10−34 J/Hz
● Work function: minimum energy to release an electron
o Speed of electron: K=hf −W
o Number of electrons removed: Q=ne
▪ e is given
● Constructive interference: two high or two low waves combine
Separation and Purification
Fluids
● Rate of flow
∆ Pπ r 4
o Poiseuille’s Law: Q=
8 µL
F
● Pressure: P= A
o Patm =760mmHg
m
● Density: p= V
o Density same on any planet
● Buoyancy does not depend on gravity
o To float, buoyant force = gravitational force
o Buoyant force: F b= pVg
▪ Density * volume * gravity
● Ideal gas law: PV =nRT
o R=8.31 J/mol*K
● Hydrostatic pressure: P= ρgh
o Pressure = density * gravity * depth
● Gauge pressure: P=P 0+ ρgh
o Same depth means same gauge pressure
o Use density of fluid, not of object
o When surface pressure = atmospheric pressure, use gauge pressure
ngas
● Partial pressure: in moles
ntotal
1
● Dalton’s Law(partial pressure): mole ratio ∗Pinside
ρ object p fluid
● Specific gravity: sg= =
ρ fluid pwater
o Shows what percent of object is submerged
o Second equation, density of water is 1 g/m3 or 1000 kg/m3
● Specific heat: q=mc ∆T
● Heat generated: ∆ Qrxn =∆ H +∆ PV
, ● Boyle’s Law: PV =¿ constant
V
● Charles’ Law: T =¿ constant
V
● Avogadro’s Law: n =¿ constant
● Henry’s Law says amount of gas dissolved is proportional to partial pressure of gas
above liquid
o k H∗∂ pressure
o kH given
● Continuity Equation: v A A A=v B A B
o Velocity * area
Purification
● Boiling point of water = 374K
o Freezing point of water = 273K
Light and Sound
Light
● UV light most dangerous at 200nm
o UV spectrum 10-400nm
● Visible spectrum, 400-750nm
o Blue lowest wavelength, red highest (of vis spectrum)
o Blue at 475nm
o Red at 700nm
● Infrared light 750nm-1mm (far right of spectrum)
c
● Index of refraction: n= v
● E photon=hf
o h=6.6∗10−34 J/Hz
● Work function: minimum energy to release an electron
o Speed of electron: K=hf −W
o Number of electrons removed: Q=ne
▪ e is given
● Constructive interference: two high or two low waves combine
