PUBH 401

The probability that a disease screening test correctly identify or classify disease individuals can be referred to as - Answer - Sensitivity - True positive The table is an illustration of a Screening Test of a particular disease. What percentage of participants in the screening test program tested positive for the disease? - Answer Out of a total of 64,810 participants, 1,115 were tested positive for the disease. So, the percentage of participants in the screening test program w...

In 2001, a total of 15,555 homicide deaths occurred among males and 4,753 homicide deaths occurred among females. The estimated 2001 midyear populations for males and females were 139,813,000 and 144,984,000, respectively. Calculate the homicide-related death rates for females. - Answer 3.3 homicide deaths ⁄ 100,000 population among females For a disease such as seasonal influenza, which is less fatal and of short duration? - Answer Incidence rates will be much higher than mortality r...

In this cohort study on the association between smoking and lung cancer, what measure of association would you use if you wanted to emphasize the public health impact of smoking? - Answer - Risk ratio (relative risk) - Odd ratio From the table, the most likely explanation for the differences in rates of ASHD between the initial examination and the yearlyfollow-up examinations in men is: - Answer The initial examination measures the prevalence of ASHD, whereas the subsequent examination...

Define morbidity - Answer the number of ill/sick people in the population Formula to calculate Incidence - Answer # of new cases of a disease occurring in the population during a specified period of time / # of persons at risk of developing the disease during that period time x 1000 define prevalence - Answer The number or proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given time. A rate ideally is a proportion in which - Answer change ...

Define Epidemiology - Answer the study of how disease is distributed in populations and the factors that influence or deter-mine this distribution. Define Distribution - Answer The frequency of disease Define Determinants - Answer The causes of disease Define Control - Answer How to stop or control the disease One of the main differences between epidemiology and clinical practice is that epidemiology focuses on the ________ as clinical practice focuses on the_____ - Answe...

ecologic fallacy - Answer incorrectly ascribing group characteristics to individual members of a group -any association we observe at the group level does not represent the association that exists at the individual level cofounder - Answer variable that distorts the true association between exposure and disease designing a randomized trial - Answer 1. begin with a defined population 2. randomly assign people to new treatment or current treatment 3. follow the subjects in each ...

You were tasked as an epidemiologist to collect this data and provide information to the public and institutions. What is the total number of at risk of getting the COVID-19 virus? - Answer 100 million You were tasked as an epidemiologist to collect this data and provide information to the public and institutions. If the part of the population who were exposed to the COVID-19 disease but did not contract the disease are considered immune, what percent of the population is immune? - Answer ...

confounder (confounding) - Answer a variable that distorts the true association between exposure and disease. 1. The variable is a known risk factor for disease 2.The variable is associated with exposure but it isn't a result of the exposure) How do you design a randomized trial / experiment? - Answer 1. Begin with a defined population. 2. Randomly assign people to new treatment or current treatment. 3. Follow the subjects in each group through time. 4. At the end of the study ...

Ecologic Fallacy - Answer - observations made at the group level may not represent the exposure-disease relationship at the individual level - incorrectly ascribing group characteristics to individual members of a group Confounder - Answer How do you design a randomized trial/ experiment? - Answer 1. Begin with a defined population. 2. Randomly assign people to new treatment or current treatment. 3. Follow the subjects in each group through time. 4. At the end of the study co...

Given the table below, compute the total expected number of deaths of community B. - Answer 1,200 Given that community A has a total expected number of deaths of 1,200. If the total hypothetical standard population is 500,000, what is the age-adjusted mortality rate of community A per 100,000 population? - Answer 240 The table below provides information on the mortality rates of two communities, A and B. Both communities A and B have a total population of 1 million, respectively. You...