HTH 150 Test 2 (Prodoehl) JMU Questions with Verified Solutions Latest Update 2025/2026
Primary source - Answers original source
Secondary source - Answers Analyses, evaluates, interprets, re-packages, summarizes or
recognizes information
Tertiary Source - Answers Collections with condensed information
Examples of primary sources - Answers Journal articles on original research, conference
proceedings, dissertations, theses, reports, patents, original art or creations
Examples of secondary sources - Answers Article reviews, textbooks, databases, data
compilations
Examples of tertiary sources - Answers encyclopedias, almanacs, fact books
Authority of the source - Answers - Author
- Scholarly & popular
Accuracy of a source - Answers - Current
- Objective
Scope of a source - Answers - Coverage
- Purpose
- Audience
CRAAP Test - Answers Currency
Relevance
Authority
Accuracy
Purpose
Reasons to read research as health care professionals - Answers Keep up with current progress,
solution to a problem, to learn about a health problem, to get an idea for research, to find
support for your views
Types of primary articles published in journals - Answers empirical, case studies, reporting on a
program, conference presentations, editorials/perspectives, correspondence/letter to editor
Types of secondary articles published in journals - Answers Literature reviews, theoretical
, articles, methodological articles, systematic reviews, meta-analysis, book reviews, commentary
on published work
Sections of published research - Answers Abstract, introduction, methods, results,
discussion/conclusions, references
Reading order of published research - Answers Abstract, discussion/conclusion, introduction,
results, methods,
boolean "AND" - Answers All words in search must be present in retrieved records; NARROWS
research
boolean "OR" - Answers Retrieves records with at least one of the terms present; BROADENS
research
boolean "NOT" - Answers excludes concepts not relevant to your topic
"Nesting" - Answers Mixing boolean operators
Research - Answers Data, info, facts
General scientific method - Answers observe - predict - test - generalize
Observational research - Answers Researcher chooses variable to study, but does not
influences this variable, and observes what happens to test subjects under these certain
conditions
Experimental research - Answers Participants receive some kind of treatment or procedure
Case Series/Reports - Answers Collections of reports on treatment of individual patients with
the same condition, or, of reports on a single patient; Used to illustrate an aspect of a condition,
the treatment or the adverse reaction to treatment
Cons of case series/reports - Answers No control group = no statistical validity
Pros of case series/reports - Answers Easy to understand & can be written up in a short amount
of time
Cohort study - Answers A case-defined population who have a certain exposure and/or receive a
particular treatment; followed over time & compared with another group not affected by the
exposure
prospective cohort study - Answers exposure factors are identified at the beginning of the study
and a defined population is followed into the future
retrospective cohort study - Answers past medical records for the defined population are used
to identify exposure factors
Primary source - Answers original source
Secondary source - Answers Analyses, evaluates, interprets, re-packages, summarizes or
recognizes information
Tertiary Source - Answers Collections with condensed information
Examples of primary sources - Answers Journal articles on original research, conference
proceedings, dissertations, theses, reports, patents, original art or creations
Examples of secondary sources - Answers Article reviews, textbooks, databases, data
compilations
Examples of tertiary sources - Answers encyclopedias, almanacs, fact books
Authority of the source - Answers - Author
- Scholarly & popular
Accuracy of a source - Answers - Current
- Objective
Scope of a source - Answers - Coverage
- Purpose
- Audience
CRAAP Test - Answers Currency
Relevance
Authority
Accuracy
Purpose
Reasons to read research as health care professionals - Answers Keep up with current progress,
solution to a problem, to learn about a health problem, to get an idea for research, to find
support for your views
Types of primary articles published in journals - Answers empirical, case studies, reporting on a
program, conference presentations, editorials/perspectives, correspondence/letter to editor
Types of secondary articles published in journals - Answers Literature reviews, theoretical
, articles, methodological articles, systematic reviews, meta-analysis, book reviews, commentary
on published work
Sections of published research - Answers Abstract, introduction, methods, results,
discussion/conclusions, references
Reading order of published research - Answers Abstract, discussion/conclusion, introduction,
results, methods,
boolean "AND" - Answers All words in search must be present in retrieved records; NARROWS
research
boolean "OR" - Answers Retrieves records with at least one of the terms present; BROADENS
research
boolean "NOT" - Answers excludes concepts not relevant to your topic
"Nesting" - Answers Mixing boolean operators
Research - Answers Data, info, facts
General scientific method - Answers observe - predict - test - generalize
Observational research - Answers Researcher chooses variable to study, but does not
influences this variable, and observes what happens to test subjects under these certain
conditions
Experimental research - Answers Participants receive some kind of treatment or procedure
Case Series/Reports - Answers Collections of reports on treatment of individual patients with
the same condition, or, of reports on a single patient; Used to illustrate an aspect of a condition,
the treatment or the adverse reaction to treatment
Cons of case series/reports - Answers No control group = no statistical validity
Pros of case series/reports - Answers Easy to understand & can be written up in a short amount
of time
Cohort study - Answers A case-defined population who have a certain exposure and/or receive a
particular treatment; followed over time & compared with another group not affected by the
exposure
prospective cohort study - Answers exposure factors are identified at the beginning of the study
and a defined population is followed into the future
retrospective cohort study - Answers past medical records for the defined population are used
to identify exposure factors
