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Function of C1, C2, C3 .....ANSWER..... Sternocleidomastoid,
cervical paraspinal, neck accessories
Neck flexion, extension, rotation
Facial and neck muscles innervated by cranial nerve
Chew, swallow, talk, blow
Inability to clear secretions
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Patterns of weakness: total paralysis of trunk, UE's, LE's;
dependent on ventilator.
Intervention for C1, C2, C3 .....ANSWER..... Mobility
Sip and puff electronically controlled reclining w/c
Communication
High-tech computer - mouthstick
Telephone - automatic dialer, headset
Recreation
Games, art, reading,
Vocational
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Environmental controls
Attendant education.
Mechanical transfers, 24-hour care
Function of C4 .....ANSWER..... Diaphragm, upper trapezius,
cervical paraspinal muscles
Scapular elevation, respiration
Neck flexion, extension, rotation, scapular elevation, inspiration
May be able to breathe without a ventilator
Treatment
-Same as for C1-3
-Tilt table
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-Hydraulic standing table
Paralysis of trunk, UE, LE, inability to cough, endurance and
respiratory reserve low secondary to paralysis of intercostal.
Function of C5 .....ANSWER..... Biceps, brachialis, brachioradialis,
supinator, infraspinatus, deltoids, rhomboids, serratus anterior
(partially innervated)
Elbow flexion and supination, shoulder external rotation, shoulder
flexion and abduction to 80-90°
Gravity provides shoulder adduction, pronation, internal rotation
Absence of elbow extension, pronation, all wrist and hand
movement, total paralysis of trunk and LEs.