1
SLHS 115- Exam 4 Questions with Answers (100%
Correct Answers)
Motor Speech Disorder Answer: Disorders of speech resulting from
neurologic impairment affecting the motor programming or
neuromuscular execution of speech
-Problem with articulation
Dysarthria Answer: A speech disorder resulting from weakness,
paralysis, or incoordination of the muscles of the speech mechanism
-Speech sound distortions
Substitution errors related to target phoneme
-Highly consistent speech-sound errors
-Consonant clusters simplified
-Little audible or silent groping for a target speech sound
-Rapid or slow rate
-No periods of unaffected speech
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,2
-Little difference between reactive or automatic speech and volitional
speech; both affected
What kind of nerves are necessary for speech breathing? Answer:
Spinal nerves
-22 of 31 pairs
What kind of nerves are necessary for speech production? Answer:
Cranial nerves
Primary Motor Cortex Answer: A two centimeter wide strip
immediately in front of the central sulcus
-Descending pathways originate from the primary motor cortex and
are important for initiating voluntary motor movements
-Damage to an area of primary motor cortex in one of the cerebral
hemispheres will cause weakness or paralysis of that part of the body
on the opposite side
-Important for Motor Speech Function
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, 3
Pyramidal Tract Answer: Direct activation pathway, originates in the
primary motor cortex and is responsible for rapid, discrete, volitional
movement of the limbs and of the articulators for speech production
-Directly connects the cortex (Outer layer of the brain) to the neurons
that directly control the activation of muscles for the initiation of
movement
Extrapyramidal Tract Answer: Indirect activation pathway, important
for regulating reflexes and maintaining posture and muscle tone which
provides the necessary framework to facilitate movement carried out
by the direct activation system
Upper Motor Neuron System Answer: Made up of the indirect and
direct activation systems
Basal Ganglia Answer: Large subcortical nuclei that regulate motor
functioning and maintain posture and muscle tone
-Part of the brain's extrapyramidal system
-Modulate the activity of the primary motor cortex and indirectly
influence movement
© 2025 All rights reserved
SLHS 115- Exam 4 Questions with Answers (100%
Correct Answers)
Motor Speech Disorder Answer: Disorders of speech resulting from
neurologic impairment affecting the motor programming or
neuromuscular execution of speech
-Problem with articulation
Dysarthria Answer: A speech disorder resulting from weakness,
paralysis, or incoordination of the muscles of the speech mechanism
-Speech sound distortions
Substitution errors related to target phoneme
-Highly consistent speech-sound errors
-Consonant clusters simplified
-Little audible or silent groping for a target speech sound
-Rapid or slow rate
-No periods of unaffected speech
© 2025 All rights reserved
,2
-Little difference between reactive or automatic speech and volitional
speech; both affected
What kind of nerves are necessary for speech breathing? Answer:
Spinal nerves
-22 of 31 pairs
What kind of nerves are necessary for speech production? Answer:
Cranial nerves
Primary Motor Cortex Answer: A two centimeter wide strip
immediately in front of the central sulcus
-Descending pathways originate from the primary motor cortex and
are important for initiating voluntary motor movements
-Damage to an area of primary motor cortex in one of the cerebral
hemispheres will cause weakness or paralysis of that part of the body
on the opposite side
-Important for Motor Speech Function
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 3
Pyramidal Tract Answer: Direct activation pathway, originates in the
primary motor cortex and is responsible for rapid, discrete, volitional
movement of the limbs and of the articulators for speech production
-Directly connects the cortex (Outer layer of the brain) to the neurons
that directly control the activation of muscles for the initiation of
movement
Extrapyramidal Tract Answer: Indirect activation pathway, important
for regulating reflexes and maintaining posture and muscle tone which
provides the necessary framework to facilitate movement carried out
by the direct activation system
Upper Motor Neuron System Answer: Made up of the indirect and
direct activation systems
Basal Ganglia Answer: Large subcortical nuclei that regulate motor
functioning and maintain posture and muscle tone
-Part of the brain's extrapyramidal system
-Modulate the activity of the primary motor cortex and indirectly
influence movement
© 2025 All rights reserved
