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BSC 114 Exam 2 Questions with Answers (100% Correct
Answers)
Metabolism Answer: All of the chemical reactions that occur within an
organism
Enzymes Answer: proteins that act as biological catalysts
2 types of pathways metabolism can follow Answer: catabolic and
anabolic
catabolic pathway Answer: break down of complex molecules into
simple ones (releases energy)
anabolic pathway Answer: consume energy to build complicated
molecules from simpler ones
Energy Answer: capacity to do work
kinetic energy Answer: energy of motion
heat energy Answer: kinetic energy applied to atoms and molecules
potential energy Answer: stored energy
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thermal energy Answer: kinetic energy associated with the random
movement of atoms or molecules
chemical energy Answer: Energy stored in chemical bonds
electrical energy Answer: voltage gradients
Thermodynamics Answer: The study of energy transformations that
occur in a collection of matter.
1st law of thermodynamics Answer: Energy cannot be created or
destroyed
2nd law of thermodynamics Answer: Every energy transfer or
transformation increases the entropy of the universe.
Entropy Answer: measure of disorder/randomness
Entropy is less apparent in biological systems because it takes the form
of _____. Answer: heat
Ice cube melts Answer: gains entropy and energy but loses order and
structure
ice cube becomes water Answer: more energy but increased disorder
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water becomes water vapor Answer: lots of energy and a lot of
disorder; little to no structure
free energy Answer: the portion of a system's energy that is available
to do work
all molecules have an Answer: inherent free energy
free energy formula Answer: ΔG = ΔH - TΔS
spontaneous reaction Answer: reaction that will proceed without any
outside energy; ΔG<0
nonspontaneous reaction Answer: a reaction that requires external
energy; ΔG>0
ΔG equation Answer: ΔG= Gfinal-Ginitial
maximum stability Answer: equilibrium
most chemical reactions are Answer: reversible
As a reaction proceeds toward equilibrium, ΔG goes toward Answer: 0
Exergonic Answer: releases energy; spontaneous; ΔG<0
Endergonic Answer: requires energy; nonspontaneous; ΔG>0
© 2025 All rights reserved
BSC 114 Exam 2 Questions with Answers (100% Correct
Answers)
Metabolism Answer: All of the chemical reactions that occur within an
organism
Enzymes Answer: proteins that act as biological catalysts
2 types of pathways metabolism can follow Answer: catabolic and
anabolic
catabolic pathway Answer: break down of complex molecules into
simple ones (releases energy)
anabolic pathway Answer: consume energy to build complicated
molecules from simpler ones
Energy Answer: capacity to do work
kinetic energy Answer: energy of motion
heat energy Answer: kinetic energy applied to atoms and molecules
potential energy Answer: stored energy
© 2025 All rights reserved
,2
thermal energy Answer: kinetic energy associated with the random
movement of atoms or molecules
chemical energy Answer: Energy stored in chemical bonds
electrical energy Answer: voltage gradients
Thermodynamics Answer: The study of energy transformations that
occur in a collection of matter.
1st law of thermodynamics Answer: Energy cannot be created or
destroyed
2nd law of thermodynamics Answer: Every energy transfer or
transformation increases the entropy of the universe.
Entropy Answer: measure of disorder/randomness
Entropy is less apparent in biological systems because it takes the form
of _____. Answer: heat
Ice cube melts Answer: gains entropy and energy but loses order and
structure
ice cube becomes water Answer: more energy but increased disorder
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 3
water becomes water vapor Answer: lots of energy and a lot of
disorder; little to no structure
free energy Answer: the portion of a system's energy that is available
to do work
all molecules have an Answer: inherent free energy
free energy formula Answer: ΔG = ΔH - TΔS
spontaneous reaction Answer: reaction that will proceed without any
outside energy; ΔG<0
nonspontaneous reaction Answer: a reaction that requires external
energy; ΔG>0
ΔG equation Answer: ΔG= Gfinal-Ginitial
maximum stability Answer: equilibrium
most chemical reactions are Answer: reversible
As a reaction proceeds toward equilibrium, ΔG goes toward Answer: 0
Exergonic Answer: releases energy; spontaneous; ΔG<0
Endergonic Answer: requires energy; nonspontaneous; ΔG>0
© 2025 All rights reserved
