Module 4: BIOD 121 Portage Exam 2026
Questions and Answers
essential vitamins - Correct answer-13 vitamins that animal cells need but can't
synthesize
found in both plant and animal sources
vitamins produced by the body - Correct answer-vitamin K and biotin (gut flora)
vitamin D (skin)
vitamin A (from beta carotene)
niacin (tryptophan)
two criteria for vitamins - Correct answer-1. must be consumed in the diet to
maintain health.
2. symptoms of deficiency occur in its absence
enrichment - Correct answer-adding nutrients back that have been lost to
processing
fortification - Correct answer-adding nutrient not naturally present in a food
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, Fat soluble vitamins - Correct answer-Vitamins A, D, E, K
stored in liver and adipose tissue
excess consumption could lead to toxic levels
two forms of vitamin a - Correct answer-1. Preformed Vitamin A (retinol/retinal),
found in foods and animal products: liver, fish, fish oils, fortified milk, yogurt, and
eggs
2. Provitamin A or Carotene, the pigment in yellow, orange, and deep green fruits
or vegetables
vitamin A functions - Correct answer-Vision
skin and epithelial health
growth, development, reproduction
disease prevention
two forms of vitamin D - Correct answer-D2 (ergocalciferol, synthetic) and D3
(cholecalciferol)
produced skin > liver > kidney
fatty fish, fortified cereal, eggs, butter, fortified milk, and yogurt
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Questions and Answers
essential vitamins - Correct answer-13 vitamins that animal cells need but can't
synthesize
found in both plant and animal sources
vitamins produced by the body - Correct answer-vitamin K and biotin (gut flora)
vitamin D (skin)
vitamin A (from beta carotene)
niacin (tryptophan)
two criteria for vitamins - Correct answer-1. must be consumed in the diet to
maintain health.
2. symptoms of deficiency occur in its absence
enrichment - Correct answer-adding nutrients back that have been lost to
processing
fortification - Correct answer-adding nutrient not naturally present in a food
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
, Fat soluble vitamins - Correct answer-Vitamins A, D, E, K
stored in liver and adipose tissue
excess consumption could lead to toxic levels
two forms of vitamin a - Correct answer-1. Preformed Vitamin A (retinol/retinal),
found in foods and animal products: liver, fish, fish oils, fortified milk, yogurt, and
eggs
2. Provitamin A or Carotene, the pigment in yellow, orange, and deep green fruits
or vegetables
vitamin A functions - Correct answer-Vision
skin and epithelial health
growth, development, reproduction
disease prevention
two forms of vitamin D - Correct answer-D2 (ergocalciferol, synthetic) and D3
(cholecalciferol)
produced skin > liver > kidney
fatty fish, fortified cereal, eggs, butter, fortified milk, and yogurt
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
