Human Development – Lecture 27 & 28 – Psycho-
motor & perceptual development
Psychomotor development;
Reflex movement; flexion, extension, stretch
Basic fundamental movement; walking, running, pushing, gripping,
manipulating
Perceptual; interpretation of stimuli to adjust the environment.
Coordinated movement like jumping or catching
Motor development;
First grove, later fine-grained movements. Complexity of movements will increase.
Cephalocaudal; from head to tail. Development; head > abdomen & arms > legs
Proximodistal; from central to peripheral. Control of head, abdomen before arm and
legs before fingers
Reflexes;
In new born; eye blinking, swim, suckle (zuigen), rotting (happen), moro (bij doen
alsof vallen armen gaan wijd), palmar grasp, babinski (only in infants)(spreiden
tenen)
Motor development;
Palm reflex (ulnar graps); vastpakken duim ouder, only using the center of the palm
Palmer grasp; object is secured in the center of the palm, lack of thumb use
Pincer graps; using the thumb to hold in between thumb and wijsvinger
This all requires bilateral coordination (first use 2 hand later they see they can do it
with 1 hand)
Radial palmer grasp; by 6-7 months.
Radial digital grasp; developed 8-9 months
Immature/inferior pincer grasp; developed by 9 months (midden duim puntje
wijsvinger)
Mature pincer grasp; developed by 12 months (puntje duim puntje wijsvinger)
4 factors important for motor development;
1. CNS development
2. Ability to move the body
3. Child’s goals (& motivation)
4. Environmental support ((grand)parents)
Sensory and motor systems are formed. Neuronal outgrowth, synaptogenesis (&
synapse pruning (snoeien))
Experience-dependent pruning is at the peak of play behavior.
High transcription factor gene expression during play
Visual plasticity; deprivation (beroving) of 1 eye. What happened to spines? During 4
days decreases of spines Only during critical period.
motor & perceptual development
Psychomotor development;
Reflex movement; flexion, extension, stretch
Basic fundamental movement; walking, running, pushing, gripping,
manipulating
Perceptual; interpretation of stimuli to adjust the environment.
Coordinated movement like jumping or catching
Motor development;
First grove, later fine-grained movements. Complexity of movements will increase.
Cephalocaudal; from head to tail. Development; head > abdomen & arms > legs
Proximodistal; from central to peripheral. Control of head, abdomen before arm and
legs before fingers
Reflexes;
In new born; eye blinking, swim, suckle (zuigen), rotting (happen), moro (bij doen
alsof vallen armen gaan wijd), palmar grasp, babinski (only in infants)(spreiden
tenen)
Motor development;
Palm reflex (ulnar graps); vastpakken duim ouder, only using the center of the palm
Palmer grasp; object is secured in the center of the palm, lack of thumb use
Pincer graps; using the thumb to hold in between thumb and wijsvinger
This all requires bilateral coordination (first use 2 hand later they see they can do it
with 1 hand)
Radial palmer grasp; by 6-7 months.
Radial digital grasp; developed 8-9 months
Immature/inferior pincer grasp; developed by 9 months (midden duim puntje
wijsvinger)
Mature pincer grasp; developed by 12 months (puntje duim puntje wijsvinger)
4 factors important for motor development;
1. CNS development
2. Ability to move the body
3. Child’s goals (& motivation)
4. Environmental support ((grand)parents)
Sensory and motor systems are formed. Neuronal outgrowth, synaptogenesis (&
synapse pruning (snoeien))
Experience-dependent pruning is at the peak of play behavior.
High transcription factor gene expression during play
Visual plasticity; deprivation (beroving) of 1 eye. What happened to spines? During 4
days decreases of spines Only during critical period.
