DMS STUDY GUIDE COMPREHENSIVE EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH DETAILED VERIFIED AND 100% ACCURATE
ANSWERS BRAND NEW EXAM ALREADY GRADED A+ PASS
Between the skin and chest wall, the breast is subdivided by fascial
planes into three layers Ans✓✓✓ The subcutaneous fat layer
The mammary (parenchymal) layer
The retromammary fat layer
What is the nipple? Ans✓✓✓ a round fibromuscular papilla projecting
from the center of the breast that is encircled by the pigmented areola
What does small bumps on the areola mark the sites as? Ans✓✓✓
sebaceous glands (Montgomery glands), which secrete an oily substance
to lessen drying and cracking of the nipple during breastfeeding.
What is within the mammary layer? Ans✓✓✓ 15-20 overlapping lobes
arranged in a fashion around nipple
What does each lobe contain? Ans✓✓✓ 20 to 40 terminal ductolobular
units (TDLUs) which are the functional units of the breast
What is the primary arterial blood supply breast? Ans✓✓✓ branches
from the interna thoracic mammary artery, the lateral thoracic artery,
and to a lesser extent the thoracoacromial artery.
,Where does arterial anastomoses occur the breast? Ans✓✓✓ beneath
the areola
Where does the majority of breast lymph drains into? Ans✓✓✓ the
axillary lymph nodes with lesser drainage to the internal mammary
nodes, interpectoral (Rotter) nodes and the supraclavicular nodes
What is the anatomic layers of the breast? Ans✓✓✓ skin, subcutaneous
(premammary) layer, mammary layer
retromammary space, muscle layers, chest wall
The muscle layer are: Ans✓✓✓ pectoralis major muscle
pectoralis minor muscle
What is the ultrasound normal appearance of the breast layers are:
Ans✓✓✓ Skin: hyperechoic fat - medium gray, Cooper's ligaments -
echogenic linear structures
Mammary layer: isoechoic or slightly hypoechoic to fat, lactiferous
ducts - hypoechoic
Muscles: hypoechoic with echogenic striations
Ribs: hyperechoic with shadowing
What are the most common developmental anomalies of the breast?
Ans✓✓✓ Amastia: absence of breast
Polymastia: more than 2 breasts
, Athelia: absent nipple
Polythelia: acessory nipple
Nipple inversion
What are the normal ultrasound findings of the normal intramammary
lymph node? Ans✓✓✓ The size of a normal intramammary node is
typically less than 1 cm, but axillary nodes can be much larger. nodes
are oval or reniform in shape, well circumscribed, oriented parallel to the
skin, and display a symmetric hypoechoic outer cortex and a
hyperechoic fatty hilum
What is a Cooper's ligament? Ans✓✓✓ thin connective tissue bands
that extent through the breast to the skin and provide structure support to
the breast
What is elastography? Ans✓✓✓ Technique used to evaluate tissue
stiffness by measuring deformation of tissue following a compressional
force. Hard lesion show less deformation (strain) than soft tissue
What is a desmoplastic reaction? Ans✓✓✓ fibroelastic host response,
reactive fibrosis that occurs in the tissues surrounding many invasive
malignant breast lesions
What is Invasive breast cancer? Ans✓✓✓ called carcinoma in situ, the
malignant cells are confined with the boundaries of the duct and or
lobule and have not extended into adjacent tissue
WITH DETAILED VERIFIED AND 100% ACCURATE
ANSWERS BRAND NEW EXAM ALREADY GRADED A+ PASS
Between the skin and chest wall, the breast is subdivided by fascial
planes into three layers Ans✓✓✓ The subcutaneous fat layer
The mammary (parenchymal) layer
The retromammary fat layer
What is the nipple? Ans✓✓✓ a round fibromuscular papilla projecting
from the center of the breast that is encircled by the pigmented areola
What does small bumps on the areola mark the sites as? Ans✓✓✓
sebaceous glands (Montgomery glands), which secrete an oily substance
to lessen drying and cracking of the nipple during breastfeeding.
What is within the mammary layer? Ans✓✓✓ 15-20 overlapping lobes
arranged in a fashion around nipple
What does each lobe contain? Ans✓✓✓ 20 to 40 terminal ductolobular
units (TDLUs) which are the functional units of the breast
What is the primary arterial blood supply breast? Ans✓✓✓ branches
from the interna thoracic mammary artery, the lateral thoracic artery,
and to a lesser extent the thoracoacromial artery.
,Where does arterial anastomoses occur the breast? Ans✓✓✓ beneath
the areola
Where does the majority of breast lymph drains into? Ans✓✓✓ the
axillary lymph nodes with lesser drainage to the internal mammary
nodes, interpectoral (Rotter) nodes and the supraclavicular nodes
What is the anatomic layers of the breast? Ans✓✓✓ skin, subcutaneous
(premammary) layer, mammary layer
retromammary space, muscle layers, chest wall
The muscle layer are: Ans✓✓✓ pectoralis major muscle
pectoralis minor muscle
What is the ultrasound normal appearance of the breast layers are:
Ans✓✓✓ Skin: hyperechoic fat - medium gray, Cooper's ligaments -
echogenic linear structures
Mammary layer: isoechoic or slightly hypoechoic to fat, lactiferous
ducts - hypoechoic
Muscles: hypoechoic with echogenic striations
Ribs: hyperechoic with shadowing
What are the most common developmental anomalies of the breast?
Ans✓✓✓ Amastia: absence of breast
Polymastia: more than 2 breasts
, Athelia: absent nipple
Polythelia: acessory nipple
Nipple inversion
What are the normal ultrasound findings of the normal intramammary
lymph node? Ans✓✓✓ The size of a normal intramammary node is
typically less than 1 cm, but axillary nodes can be much larger. nodes
are oval or reniform in shape, well circumscribed, oriented parallel to the
skin, and display a symmetric hypoechoic outer cortex and a
hyperechoic fatty hilum
What is a Cooper's ligament? Ans✓✓✓ thin connective tissue bands
that extent through the breast to the skin and provide structure support to
the breast
What is elastography? Ans✓✓✓ Technique used to evaluate tissue
stiffness by measuring deformation of tissue following a compressional
force. Hard lesion show less deformation (strain) than soft tissue
What is a desmoplastic reaction? Ans✓✓✓ fibroelastic host response,
reactive fibrosis that occurs in the tissues surrounding many invasive
malignant breast lesions
What is Invasive breast cancer? Ans✓✓✓ called carcinoma in situ, the
malignant cells are confined with the boundaries of the duct and or
lobule and have not extended into adjacent tissue
