BTEC APPLIED Science Unit 12 Assignment A
P1:
Explain the characteristics of the five main types of pathogens and a disease
caused by each.
5 Pathogens:
- Bacteria
- Fungus
- Viruses
- Protozoa
- Parasites
Bacteria:
What is it?
Bacteria is a single celled organism, and it is found everywhere. It is essential for the
planet’s ecosystem and most bacteria in the body are harmless.
Characteristics:
The characteristics of a bacteria includes unicellular, prokaryotic, microscopic, it lacks a
nucleus, and has a plasma membrane.
Life Cycle:
The life cycle of the bacteria involves four phases: lag, log, stationary and death.
Lag Log Stationary Death
The earliest phases A growth period of This is when the Where the living
in the bacterial clusters of cells in a growth comes to an cells stop metabolic
growth cycle. The culture medium. end, but cells functions, and begin
bacteria in this stage remain metabolically the stage of death.
adapts to itself for active.
the growth.
Diseases and Symptoms:
What is Tuberculosis?
An infectious disease that affects the lungs, and caused by a certain type of bacteria. It
spreads by air.
Symptoms of TB:
- Chest pain
- Feeling weak
- Weight loss
- Fever
,Salmonellosis:
What is Salmonellosis?
Salmonella infection, known as salmonellosis, is a prevalent bacterial disease that impacts
the intestinal tract. Salmonella bacteria usually reside in the intestines of animals and
humans and are excreted in faeces.
Symptoms:
- Nausea
- Diarrhoea
- Headache
- Vomiting
,Streptococcal Pharyngitis (Strep Throat):
What is it?
An infection in the throat and tonsils caused by a type of bacteria known as group A
Streptococcus (group A strep). Strep throat leads to significant inflammation and a painful
sore throat.
Symptoms:
- Loss of appetite
- Chills
- Nausea and vomiting
- Abdominal pain
Fungus:
What is it?
They are eukaryotic organisms that have microorganisms such as yeast, moulds and
mushrooms.
Characteristics:
, Fungi are eukaryotic, non-motile which means they can’t move, non-vascular which indicates
they don’t have vessels and heterotrophic organisms. They lack chlorophyll which means
they can’t participate in photosynthesis.
Life Cycle:
Fungus replicate sexually or asexually. Perfect fungi are sexually and asexually replicated
whilst imperfect fungi are only asexually reproduced by mitosis. Both sexual and asexual
reproductions, the fungi evolves into spores that could either fly by the wind or go on a ride
with an animal.
Diseases and Symptoms:
What is an Athlete's Foot?
A common fungal infection that affects the feet.
Symptoms of Athlete’s foot:
- Sore and flaky patches on your feet
- Burning or stinging
- Itchiness
- Dry
Candidiasis:
What is candidiasis?
Candidiasis is a fungal infection that occurs due to an overgrowth of yeast in the body.
Normally, healthy bacteria maintain a balance of yeast, and any disruption to this balance
can result in an infection.
Symptoms:
P1:
Explain the characteristics of the five main types of pathogens and a disease
caused by each.
5 Pathogens:
- Bacteria
- Fungus
- Viruses
- Protozoa
- Parasites
Bacteria:
What is it?
Bacteria is a single celled organism, and it is found everywhere. It is essential for the
planet’s ecosystem and most bacteria in the body are harmless.
Characteristics:
The characteristics of a bacteria includes unicellular, prokaryotic, microscopic, it lacks a
nucleus, and has a plasma membrane.
Life Cycle:
The life cycle of the bacteria involves four phases: lag, log, stationary and death.
Lag Log Stationary Death
The earliest phases A growth period of This is when the Where the living
in the bacterial clusters of cells in a growth comes to an cells stop metabolic
growth cycle. The culture medium. end, but cells functions, and begin
bacteria in this stage remain metabolically the stage of death.
adapts to itself for active.
the growth.
Diseases and Symptoms:
What is Tuberculosis?
An infectious disease that affects the lungs, and caused by a certain type of bacteria. It
spreads by air.
Symptoms of TB:
- Chest pain
- Feeling weak
- Weight loss
- Fever
,Salmonellosis:
What is Salmonellosis?
Salmonella infection, known as salmonellosis, is a prevalent bacterial disease that impacts
the intestinal tract. Salmonella bacteria usually reside in the intestines of animals and
humans and are excreted in faeces.
Symptoms:
- Nausea
- Diarrhoea
- Headache
- Vomiting
,Streptococcal Pharyngitis (Strep Throat):
What is it?
An infection in the throat and tonsils caused by a type of bacteria known as group A
Streptococcus (group A strep). Strep throat leads to significant inflammation and a painful
sore throat.
Symptoms:
- Loss of appetite
- Chills
- Nausea and vomiting
- Abdominal pain
Fungus:
What is it?
They are eukaryotic organisms that have microorganisms such as yeast, moulds and
mushrooms.
Characteristics:
, Fungi are eukaryotic, non-motile which means they can’t move, non-vascular which indicates
they don’t have vessels and heterotrophic organisms. They lack chlorophyll which means
they can’t participate in photosynthesis.
Life Cycle:
Fungus replicate sexually or asexually. Perfect fungi are sexually and asexually replicated
whilst imperfect fungi are only asexually reproduced by mitosis. Both sexual and asexual
reproductions, the fungi evolves into spores that could either fly by the wind or go on a ride
with an animal.
Diseases and Symptoms:
What is an Athlete's Foot?
A common fungal infection that affects the feet.
Symptoms of Athlete’s foot:
- Sore and flaky patches on your feet
- Burning or stinging
- Itchiness
- Dry
Candidiasis:
What is candidiasis?
Candidiasis is a fungal infection that occurs due to an overgrowth of yeast in the body.
Normally, healthy bacteria maintain a balance of yeast, and any disruption to this balance
can result in an infection.
Symptoms:
