UCC Article 1 Questions with complete
solution 2025
§ 1-101 - correct answers Short Titles.(a) This [Act] may be cited as the
Uniform Commercial Code.(b) This article may be cited as Uniform
Commercial Code-General Provisions.
§ 1-102 - correct answers Scope of Article.This article applies to a transaction
to the extent that it is governed by another article of [the Uniform Commercial
Code].
§ 1-103 - correct answers Construction of [Uniform Commercial Code] to
Promote its Purposes and Policies: Applicability of Supplemental Principles of
Law.(a) [The Uniform Commercial Code] must be liberally construed and
applied to promote its underlying purposes and policies, which are: (1) to
simplify, clarify, and modernize the law governing commercial transactions; (2)
to permit the continued expansion of commercial practices through custom,
usage, and agreement of the parties; and (3) to make uniform the law among
the various jurisdictions.(b) Unless displaced by the particular provisions of
[the Uniform Commercial Code], the principles of law and equity, including the
law merchant and the law relative to capacity to contract, principal and agent,
estoppel, fraud, misrepresentation, duress, coercion, mistake, bankruptcy,
and other validating or invalidating cause supplement its provisions.
§ 1-104 - correct answers Construction Against Implied Repeal.[The Uniform
Commercial Code] being a general act intended as a unified coverage of its
subject matter, no part of it shall be deemed to be impliedly repealed by
subsequent legislation if such construction can reasonably be avoided.
§ 1-105 - correct answers Severability.If any provision or clause of [the
Uniform Commercial Code] or its application to any person or circumstance is
held invalid, the invalidity does not affect other provisions or applications of
[the Uniform Commercial Code] which can be given effect without the invalid
, provision or application, and to this end the provisions of [the Uniform
Commercial Code] are severable.
§ 1-106 - correct answers Use of Singular and Plural; Gender.In [the Uniform
Commercial Code], unless the statutory context otherwise requires: (1) words
in the singular number include the plural, and those in the plural include the
singular; and (2) words of any gender also refer to any other gender.
§ 1-107 - correct answers Section Captions.Section captions are part of [the
Uniform Commercial Code].
§ 1-108 - correct answers Relation to Electronic Signatures in Global and
National Commerce Act.This article modifies, limits, and supersedes the
federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, 15
U.S.C. Section 7001 et seq., except that nothing in this article modifies, limits,
or supersedes Section 7001(c) of that Act or authorizes electronic delivery of
any of the notices described in Section 7003(b) of that Act.PART 2.
GENERAL DEFINITIONS AND PRINCIPLES OF INTERPRETATION [Table
of Contents]
§ 1-201 - correct answers General Definitions.(a) Unless the context
otherwise requires, words or phrases defined in this section, or in the
additional definitions contained in other articles of [the Uniform Commercial
Code] that apply to particular articles or parts thereof, have the meanings
stated.(b) Subject to definitions contained in other articles of [the Uniform
Commercial Code] that apply to particular articles or parts thereof: (1)
"Action", in the sense of a judicial proceeding, includes recoupment,
counterclaim, set-off, suit in equity, and any other proceeding in which rights
are determined.(2) "Aggrieved party" means a party entitled to pursue a
remedy.(3) "Agreement", as distinguished from "contract", means the bargain
of the parties in fact, as found in their language or inferred from other
circumstances, including course of performance, course of dealing, or usage
of trade as provided in Section 1-303.(4) "Bank" means a person engaged in
the business of banking and includes a savings bank, savings and loan
solution 2025
§ 1-101 - correct answers Short Titles.(a) This [Act] may be cited as the
Uniform Commercial Code.(b) This article may be cited as Uniform
Commercial Code-General Provisions.
§ 1-102 - correct answers Scope of Article.This article applies to a transaction
to the extent that it is governed by another article of [the Uniform Commercial
Code].
§ 1-103 - correct answers Construction of [Uniform Commercial Code] to
Promote its Purposes and Policies: Applicability of Supplemental Principles of
Law.(a) [The Uniform Commercial Code] must be liberally construed and
applied to promote its underlying purposes and policies, which are: (1) to
simplify, clarify, and modernize the law governing commercial transactions; (2)
to permit the continued expansion of commercial practices through custom,
usage, and agreement of the parties; and (3) to make uniform the law among
the various jurisdictions.(b) Unless displaced by the particular provisions of
[the Uniform Commercial Code], the principles of law and equity, including the
law merchant and the law relative to capacity to contract, principal and agent,
estoppel, fraud, misrepresentation, duress, coercion, mistake, bankruptcy,
and other validating or invalidating cause supplement its provisions.
§ 1-104 - correct answers Construction Against Implied Repeal.[The Uniform
Commercial Code] being a general act intended as a unified coverage of its
subject matter, no part of it shall be deemed to be impliedly repealed by
subsequent legislation if such construction can reasonably be avoided.
§ 1-105 - correct answers Severability.If any provision or clause of [the
Uniform Commercial Code] or its application to any person or circumstance is
held invalid, the invalidity does not affect other provisions or applications of
[the Uniform Commercial Code] which can be given effect without the invalid
, provision or application, and to this end the provisions of [the Uniform
Commercial Code] are severable.
§ 1-106 - correct answers Use of Singular and Plural; Gender.In [the Uniform
Commercial Code], unless the statutory context otherwise requires: (1) words
in the singular number include the plural, and those in the plural include the
singular; and (2) words of any gender also refer to any other gender.
§ 1-107 - correct answers Section Captions.Section captions are part of [the
Uniform Commercial Code].
§ 1-108 - correct answers Relation to Electronic Signatures in Global and
National Commerce Act.This article modifies, limits, and supersedes the
federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, 15
U.S.C. Section 7001 et seq., except that nothing in this article modifies, limits,
or supersedes Section 7001(c) of that Act or authorizes electronic delivery of
any of the notices described in Section 7003(b) of that Act.PART 2.
GENERAL DEFINITIONS AND PRINCIPLES OF INTERPRETATION [Table
of Contents]
§ 1-201 - correct answers General Definitions.(a) Unless the context
otherwise requires, words or phrases defined in this section, or in the
additional definitions contained in other articles of [the Uniform Commercial
Code] that apply to particular articles or parts thereof, have the meanings
stated.(b) Subject to definitions contained in other articles of [the Uniform
Commercial Code] that apply to particular articles or parts thereof: (1)
"Action", in the sense of a judicial proceeding, includes recoupment,
counterclaim, set-off, suit in equity, and any other proceeding in which rights
are determined.(2) "Aggrieved party" means a party entitled to pursue a
remedy.(3) "Agreement", as distinguished from "contract", means the bargain
of the parties in fact, as found in their language or inferred from other
circumstances, including course of performance, course of dealing, or usage
of trade as provided in Section 1-303.(4) "Bank" means a person engaged in
the business of banking and includes a savings bank, savings and loan
