Test Bank for Human Learning, 8th Edition by Jeanne Ormrod, Jeanne Ellis Ormrod|9780134893662| All Chapters 1-15| LATEST

TEST BANK for Human Learning
8th Edition Ormrod,CHAPTER 1 - 15

, CHAPTER611
PERSPECTIVES61ON61LEARNING

Multiple61Choice61Questions

Human61beings61undoubtedly61learn61more61during61the61course61of61a61lifeti
me61than61any61other61species61on61earth.61The61major61result61of61this61capac
ity61to61learn61is61that:
New61instincts61begin61to61emerge.
Human61thought61becomes61less61logical61with61each61generat
ion.61Humans61can61benefit61from61their61experiences.
Humans61are61the61only61species61whoseSbehavior61cannot61be61analyze
d61in61terms61of61stimuli61and61responses.

Three61of61the61following61are61examples61of61learning.61Which61one61is61not?
Abigail61cries61when61she61steps61on61a61sharp61pebble.
After61many61hours61of61heated61debate,61Brian61begins61to61a
dvocate61political61practices61he61has61previously61opposed.
Cara61suddenly61recognizes61how61the61division61fact61―2461’61461=616‖
61is61related61to61the61multiplication61factS―661x61461=6124.‖

David61has61been61running61away61from61German61shepherds61ever61sin
ce61he61was61bitten61by61a61German61shepherd61two61years61ago.

Reynelda61has61troubleStracing61a61complex61shape61with61a61pencil61when
61she61is61in61kindergarten,61but61sheScan61do61it61quite61well61by61the61time61sh
e61is61in61second61grade.61Ist61his61an61instance61of61learning?
Yes,61because61her61behavior61has61changed.
No,61because61the61circumstances61are61too61dissimilar.
Maybe,61although61the61change61may61simply61be61due61to61ph
ysiological61maturation.
Maybe,61but61only61if61she61is61being61reinforced61for61tracing61accurately.




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, ChapterS161–
SPerspectives61on61Learning




Three61of61the61following61illustrate61various61ways61that61learning61might6 1
be61reflecte61d61in61a61person‘s61behavior.61Which61oneSof61the61following61chang
es61does61not61necessaril61y61reflect61learning?
Although61it‘s61a61school61night,61Dean61plays61video61games61until61we
ll61past61his61usual61bedtime.61As61he61becomes61more61tired,61he61finds
61it61increasingly61diffic61ult61to61concentrate61on61what61he‘s61doing.

Even61as61a61young61child,61Jerry61could61tell61you61that61his61gra
ndparents61i61mmigrated61to61the61United61States61from61Ireland.6
1But61after61a61conversa61tion61with61his61grandmother,61he61can6
1now61describeSthe61circumstance61s61of61the61family‘s61immigra
tion61in61considerable61detail.
Day61after61day,61Martin61practices61his61basketball61skills6 1 (shooting,dr
ibbling,61etc.)61on61a61basketball61court61at61a61local61park.61With61each
61practice61session,61hi61s61movements61become61faster61and61smoother.

Lewis61occasionally61asks61for61help61when61he61has61difficulty61with61his
61classw61ork,61but61most61of61theStime61he61just61struggles61quietly61on61
his61own.61After61his61teacher61assures61him61that61askingSfor61help61is61n
ot61a61sign61of61weakness61or61ina61bility,61he61begins61asking61for61help6
1much61more61frequently.



research61examines61learning61in61tightly61controlled61settings61and
research61examines61learning61in61real-world61settings.
Applied;61Basic61Ba
si61c;61Qualitative61
Qualit61ative;61Appl
iedBasic;61Applied

A61principle61of61learning61can61best61be61characterized61as:
A61description61of61the61results61of61a61particular61research61study
A61statement61that61describes61how61a61particular61factor61affects61learning
The61measurement61of61how61much61learning61has61occurred61
in61ap61articular61situation
An61explanation61of61the61underlying61processes61through61which61learning61occurs

A61theory61of61learning61can61best61be61characterized61as:
A61description61of61the61results61of61a61particular61research61study
A61statement61that61describes61how61a61particular61factor61affects61learning
The61measurement61of61how61much61learning61has61occurred61
in61ap61articular61situation
An61explanation61of61the61underlying61processes61through61which61learning61occurs




3

, ChapterS161–
SPerspectives61on61Learning




Three61of61the61following61are61principles61of61learning.61Which61one61is61a61theory
of61learning61rather61than61a61principle?
A61behavior61that61is61followedSby61punishment61decreases61in61frequency.
People61learn61by61making61mental61associations61between61new61infor
mation61and61their61existing61knowledge.
A61response61that61is61rewarded61every61time61it61occurs61increases61
more61rapidly61than61a61response61that61is61only61occasionally61re
warded.
Students61tend61to61remember61more61of61a61lecture61if61they61takeSn
otes61onth61e61lecture‘s61content.

Which61one61of61the61followingScommon61sayings61best61reflects61theSc
oncept61of61introspection?
―Where61there‘s61a61will,61there‘s61a61way.‖
―NothingSventured,61nothing61gained.‖
―A61penny61for61 your61thoughts.‖
―Old61habits61die61hard.‖

Which61one61of61the61following61common61sayings61best61reflects61t
heSbasic61premise61underlying61social61learning61theory?
―Monkey61 see,6 1 monkey61 do.‖
―Spare61the61rod61and61spoil61the61child.‖
―A61friend61in61need61is61a61friend61indeed.‖
―A61rolling61stone61gathers61no61moss.‖

Which61one61of61the61following61statements61provides61the61most61credibl
e61explan61ation61for61the61fact61thatShuman61beings61seem61to61surpass61all6
1other61animalspecies61in61their61thinking61and61learning61capacities?

Only61human61beings61have61the61capability61to61make61tools.
Humans61communicate61regularly61with61one61another61and,61in61do
ing61so,61pass61along61what61they‘ve61learned61to61future61generati
ons.
Human61beings61have61a61huge61repertoire61of61instinctual61behaviors61f
rom61which61they61can61draw61when61they61encounter61new61experien
ces.
Human61brains61are61smaller61than61those61of61other61intelligent61specie
s61(e.g.,61e61lephants,61dolphins)61and61therefore61can61transmit61messa
ges61more61quicklya61nd61efficiently.




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