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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
The Biologic Basis For Disease In Adults
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And Children
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TH
8 EDITION BY KATHRYN L. MCC
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ANCE
,McCance: Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th Edition) TEST B
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ANK
CONTENTS:
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
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Chapter 02: Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology: Environmental Agents
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 03: The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases
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Chapter 04: Genes and Genetic Diseases
#t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 05: Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases
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Chapter 06: Epigenetics and Disease
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Chapter 07: Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing
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Chapter 08: Adaptive Immunity
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Chapter 09: Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation
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Chapter 10: Infection
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Chapter 11: Stress and Disease
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Chapter 12: Cancer Biology
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Chapter 13: Cancer Epidemiology
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Chapter 14: Cancer in Children
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Chapter 15: Structure and Function of the Neurologic System
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Chapter 16: Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function
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Chapter 17: Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function
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Chapter 18: Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction
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Chapter 19: Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders
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Chapter 20: Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children
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Chapter 21: Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation
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Chapter 22: Alterations of Hormonal Regulation
#t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 23: Obesity and Disorders of Nutrition
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Chapter 24: Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 25: Alterations of the Female Reproductive System
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Chapter 26: Alterations of the Male Reproductive System
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Chapter 27: Sexually Transmitted Infections
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Chapter 28: Structure and Function of the Hematologic System
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Chapter 29: Alterations of Erythrocytes, Platelets, and Hemostatic Function
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Chapter 30: Alterations of Leukocyte and Lymphoid Function
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Chapter 31: Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 32: Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 33: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function
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Chapter 34: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children
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Chapter 35: Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System
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Chapter 36: Alterations of Pulmonary Function
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Chapter 37: Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children
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Chapter 38: Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems
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Chapter 39: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function
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Chapter 40: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children
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Chapter 41: Structure and Function of the Digestive System
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Chapter 42: Alterations of Digestive Function
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Chapter 43: Alterations of Digestive Function in Children
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Chapter 44: Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System
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Chapter 45: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function
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Chapter 46: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children
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Chapter 47: Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument
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Chapter 48: Alterations of the Integument in Children
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Chapter 49: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults
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Chapter 50: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children
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, McCance: Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th Edition) TEST BANK
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Part 1: CENTRAL CONCEPTS OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: CELLS AND TISSUES Un
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it I: THE CELL
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CHAPTER 01: CELLULAR BIOLOGY #t #t #t
MULTIPLE CHOICE #t
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
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a. Cells can produce proteins. #t #t #t
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes. #t #t #t #t
c. Cells can take in and use nutrients. #t #t #t #t #t #t
d. Cells can synthesize fats. #t #t #t
ANS: C #t
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from their surro
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undings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their descriptions of cellular metabolic absor
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ption.
PTS: # t # t 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering #t #t
2. Where is most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?
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a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: C #t
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA, most of t
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he cellular DNA, and the DNA-
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binding proteins, such as the histones, which regulate its activity. The mitochondria are respons
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ible for cellular respiration and energy production.
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Ribosomes’ chief function is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. Lysosomes function a
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s the intracellular digestive system.
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PTS: # t # t 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering #t #t
3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to remove
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hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
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a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: B #t
, McCance: Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th Edition) TEST BANK
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Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use oxygen to remove hy
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drogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that produces H2O2, which is a po
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werful oxidant and potentially destructive if it accumulates or escapes from peroxisomes.
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Ribosomes are RNA- #t #t
protein complexes (nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the nucleolus and secreted into the c
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ytoplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope called nuclear pore complexes. Lysosomes are s
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aclike structures that originate from the Golgi complex and contain more than 40 digestive enzy
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mes called hydrolases, which catalyze bonds in proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrate
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s. An endosome is a vesical that has been pinched off from the cellular membrane.
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PTS: # t # t 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering #t #t
4. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during cell injury?
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a. Ribosome
b. Golgi complex #t
c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum #t #t
d. Lysosomes
ANS: D #t
The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful digestive enzymes w
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ithin the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing their leakage into the cytoplasmic matrix. Disr
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uption of the membrane by various treatments or cellular injury leads to a release of the lysoso
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mal enzymes, which can then react with their specific substrates, causing cellular self-
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
digestion. The chief function of a ribosome is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. The
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Golgi complex is a network of flattened, smooth vesicles and membranes often located near the
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cell nucleus. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in steroid hormone production and
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
removing toxic substances from the cell. #t #t #t #t #t
PTS: # t # t 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering #t #t
5. Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone?
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a. Increased heart rate and force of contraction #t #t #t #t #t #t
b. Secretion of cortisol #t #t
c. Increased retention of water #t #t #t
d. Breakdown of fat #t #t
ANS: C #t
Antidiuretic hormone leads to increased retention of water in the body. Epinephrine causes incr
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eases in heart rate and force of contraction. Increased cortisol secretion is due to ACTH. Breakdo
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
wn of fat is due to glucagon.
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PTS: # t # t 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering #t #t
6. During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
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a. G1
b. S
c. G2
d. M
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
The Biologic Basis For Disease In Adults
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t
And Children
#t
TH
8 EDITION BY KATHRYN L. MCC
t
# #t #t #t #t
ANCE
,McCance: Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th Edition) TEST B
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
ANK
CONTENTS:
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
#t #t #t
Chapter 02: Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology: Environmental Agents
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 03: The Cellular Environment: Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 04: Genes and Genetic Diseases
#t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 05: Genes, Environment-Lifestyle, and Common Diseases
#t #t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 06: Epigenetics and Disease
#t #t #t #t
Chapter 07: Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 08: Adaptive Immunity
#t #t #t
Chapter 09: Alterations in Immunity and Inflammation
#t #t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 10: Infection
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Chapter 11: Stress and Disease
#t #t #t #t
Chapter 12: Cancer Biology
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Chapter 13: Cancer Epidemiology
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Chapter 14: Cancer in Children
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Chapter 15: Structure and Function of the Neurologic System
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Chapter 16: Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function
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Chapter 17: Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 18: Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 19: Neurobiology of Schizophrenia, Mood Disorders, and Anxiety Disorders
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 20: Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 21: Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation
#t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 22: Alterations of Hormonal Regulation
#t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 23: Obesity and Disorders of Nutrition
#t #t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 24: Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 25: Alterations of the Female Reproductive System
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 26: Alterations of the Male Reproductive System
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 27: Sexually Transmitted Infections
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Chapter 28: Structure and Function of the Hematologic System
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 29: Alterations of Erythrocytes, Platelets, and Hemostatic Function
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 30: Alterations of Leukocyte and Lymphoid Function
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 31: Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 32: Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 33: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function
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Chapter 34: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 35: Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System
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Chapter 36: Alterations of Pulmonary Function
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Chapter 37: Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 38: Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems
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Chapter 39: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 40: Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 41: Structure and Function of the Digestive System
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Chapter 42: Alterations of Digestive Function
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Chapter 43: Alterations of Digestive Function in Children
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Chapter 44: Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System
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Chapter 45: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function
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Chapter 46: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children
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Chapter 47: Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 48: Alterations of the Integument in Children
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 49: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Adults
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
Chapter 50: Shock, Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome, and Burns in Children
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
, McCance: Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th Edition) TEST BANK
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
Part 1: CENTRAL CONCEPTS OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: CELLS AND TISSUES Un
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
it I: THE CELL
#t #t #t
CHAPTER 01: CELLULAR BIOLOGY #t #t #t
MULTIPLE CHOICE #t
1. Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
a. Cells can produce proteins. #t #t #t
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes. #t #t #t #t
c. Cells can take in and use nutrients. #t #t #t #t #t #t
d. Cells can synthesize fats. #t #t #t
ANS: C #t
In metabolic absorption, all cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from their surro
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
undings. The remaining options are not inclusive in their descriptions of cellular metabolic absor
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
ption.
PTS: # t # t 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering #t #t
2. Where is most of a cell’s genetic information, including RNA and DNA, contained?
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS: C #t
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA, most of t
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
he cellular DNA, and the DNA-
#t #t #t #t #t
binding proteins, such as the histones, which regulate its activity. The mitochondria are respons
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
ible for cellular respiration and energy production.
#t #t #t #t #t #t
Ribosomes’ chief function is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. Lysosomes function a
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
s the intracellular digestive system.
#t #t #t #t
PTS: # t # t 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering #t #t
3. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to remove
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS: B #t
, McCance: Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children (8th Edition) TEST BANK
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use oxygen to remove hy
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
drogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that produces H2O2, which is a po
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
werful oxidant and potentially destructive if it accumulates or escapes from peroxisomes.
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
Ribosomes are RNA- #t #t
protein complexes (nucleoproteins) that are synthesized in the nucleolus and secreted into the c
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
ytoplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope called nuclear pore complexes. Lysosomes are s
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
aclike structures that originate from the Golgi complex and contain more than 40 digestive enzy
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
mes called hydrolases, which catalyze bonds in proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrate
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
s. An endosome is a vesical that has been pinched off from the cellular membrane.
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
PTS: # t # t 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering #t #t
4. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during cell injury?
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
a. Ribosome
b. Golgi complex #t
c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum #t #t
d. Lysosomes
ANS: D #t
The lysosomal membrane acts as a protective shield between the powerful digestive enzymes w
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
ithin the lysosome and the cytoplasm, preventing their leakage into the cytoplasmic matrix. Disr
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
uption of the membrane by various treatments or cellular injury leads to a release of the lysoso
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
mal enzymes, which can then react with their specific substrates, causing cellular self-
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
digestion. The chief function of a ribosome is to provide sites for cellular protein synthesis. The
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
Golgi complex is a network of flattened, smooth vesicles and membranes often located near the
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
cell nucleus. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in steroid hormone production and
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
removing toxic substances from the cell. #t #t #t #t #t
PTS: # t # t 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering #t #t
5. Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone?
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t
a. Increased heart rate and force of contraction #t #t #t #t #t #t
b. Secretion of cortisol #t #t
c. Increased retention of water #t #t #t
d. Breakdown of fat #t #t
ANS: C #t
Antidiuretic hormone leads to increased retention of water in the body. Epinephrine causes incr
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
eases in heart rate and force of contraction. Increased cortisol secretion is due to ACTH. Breakdo
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
wn of fat is due to glucagon.
#t #t #t #t #t #t
PTS: # t # t 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering #t #t
6. During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
#t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t #t
a. G1
b. S
c. G2
d. M
