Radiographic Pathology: Endocrine System
(Chapter 10) Questions and Answers
Cushings Disease ✔️✔️Excess production of glucocorticoid hormones (Disease of Adrenal
Cortex)
Aldosteronism ✔️✔️Overproduction of mineralocorticoid hormones due to adrenocortical
adenoma or to bilateral hyperplasia of the superficial cortical layer (Disease of Adrenal Cortex)
Hypoadrenalism ✔️✔️Adrenal Insufficiency, primary insufficiency is Addison's disease (Disease
of Adrenal Cortex)
Adrenal Carcinoma ✔️✔️Primary malignancy of adrenal glad, grow rapidly, usually large
necrotic masses at the time of clinical presentation
Primary tumors that most frequently metastasize to the adrenal gland are ✔️✔️Lung, breast,
kidney, ovary, GI, and Melanomas
Pheochromocytoma most commonly arises in ✔️✔️the adrenal medulla
Pheochromocytomas produce ✔️✔️excess of vasopressor substances (norepinephrine and
epinephrine)
Neuroblastoma is a highly malignant tumor of the ✔️✔️medulla
Pituitary gland is often called the ✔️✔️master gland
Pituitary gland sits in the ✔️✔️sella turcica and is divided into anterior and posterior portions
, Anterior pituitary secretes ✔️✔️GH, TSH, ACTH, and gonadotropins (FSH and LH)
Hyperpituitarism is caused by ✔️✔️excessive growth hormone resulting in acromegaly in
adults and gigantism in children
Diabetes Insipidus (Pituitary Gland) ✔️✔️Impaired ability of the kidneys to conserve water,
results from low ADH
Thyroid gland consists of ✔️✔️two lobes, one on each side of the trachea
Thyroid gland secretes ✔️✔️Thyroxine (T3 or T4) which stimulates cellular metabolism in
response to body's need for increased energy. It also increase digestive juices and movement of
ingested material through the intestinal tract
Cretinism ✔️✔️Congenital hypothyroidism which causes multiple developmental
abnormalities
Goiter ✔️✔️Enlargement of the thyroid gland
Thyroid Adenoma ✔️✔️Benign encapsulated tumors
Thyroid Carcinoma ✔️✔️Papillary-most common, Follicular-usually occurs in women age 40+,
Medullary-rarest form
What is that parathyroid gland ✔️✔️four tiny glands, two on each side, that lie behind the
upper and lower poles of the thyroid gland
(Chapter 10) Questions and Answers
Cushings Disease ✔️✔️Excess production of glucocorticoid hormones (Disease of Adrenal
Cortex)
Aldosteronism ✔️✔️Overproduction of mineralocorticoid hormones due to adrenocortical
adenoma or to bilateral hyperplasia of the superficial cortical layer (Disease of Adrenal Cortex)
Hypoadrenalism ✔️✔️Adrenal Insufficiency, primary insufficiency is Addison's disease (Disease
of Adrenal Cortex)
Adrenal Carcinoma ✔️✔️Primary malignancy of adrenal glad, grow rapidly, usually large
necrotic masses at the time of clinical presentation
Primary tumors that most frequently metastasize to the adrenal gland are ✔️✔️Lung, breast,
kidney, ovary, GI, and Melanomas
Pheochromocytoma most commonly arises in ✔️✔️the adrenal medulla
Pheochromocytomas produce ✔️✔️excess of vasopressor substances (norepinephrine and
epinephrine)
Neuroblastoma is a highly malignant tumor of the ✔️✔️medulla
Pituitary gland is often called the ✔️✔️master gland
Pituitary gland sits in the ✔️✔️sella turcica and is divided into anterior and posterior portions
, Anterior pituitary secretes ✔️✔️GH, TSH, ACTH, and gonadotropins (FSH and LH)
Hyperpituitarism is caused by ✔️✔️excessive growth hormone resulting in acromegaly in
adults and gigantism in children
Diabetes Insipidus (Pituitary Gland) ✔️✔️Impaired ability of the kidneys to conserve water,
results from low ADH
Thyroid gland consists of ✔️✔️two lobes, one on each side of the trachea
Thyroid gland secretes ✔️✔️Thyroxine (T3 or T4) which stimulates cellular metabolism in
response to body's need for increased energy. It also increase digestive juices and movement of
ingested material through the intestinal tract
Cretinism ✔️✔️Congenital hypothyroidism which causes multiple developmental
abnormalities
Goiter ✔️✔️Enlargement of the thyroid gland
Thyroid Adenoma ✔️✔️Benign encapsulated tumors
Thyroid Carcinoma ✔️✔️Papillary-most common, Follicular-usually occurs in women age 40+,
Medullary-rarest form
What is that parathyroid gland ✔️✔️four tiny glands, two on each side, that lie behind the
upper and lower poles of the thyroid gland
