LING 1010 UCONN

Ling 1010 Uconn exam 1

Innateness bHypothesis bfor blanguage b- bcorrect banswers✔✔follows bwith bPlato's
bbelief bthat bhumans bhave binnate bknowledge bat bbirth band bgain bfurther bknowledge
bnot bfrom benvironment, bbut bfrom bawakened bintuition


Plato's bProblem b- bcorrect banswers✔✔"How bdo bpeople bcome bto bknow bso bmuch bon
bthe bbasis bof bso blittle bexperience" b
• bAll bideas bare b'innate' b(they bcome bfrom bour bnature)

Chomsky's bidea babout bhow bchildren bacquire blanguage b- bcorrect banswers✔✔•
bClaimed bthat bthere bis ba bconsiderable binnate baspect bto bour blinguistic bknowledge
• bChildren bare bborn bwith ba b'workbook' bwith bsections bthat bspell bout bwhat boccurs bin
ball blanguages band bsections bwhere bthe btext bspecifies bpossibilities
• bTheory bof bUniversal bGrammar
oChildren binstinctively bknow bhow bto bcombine ba bnoun b(e.g. ba bboy) band ba bverb b(to
beat) binto ba bmeaningful, bcorrect bphrase b(A bboy beats).
• bLanguage bAcquisition bDevice bis bthe binnate bbiological bability bof bhumans bto
bacquire band bdevelop blanguage


Why bChomsky's bInnateness bHypothesis bis bcontroversial b- bcorrect banswers✔✔• bThe
bidea bthat bhumans bare bborn bwith b'instincts' b
• bClashes bwith bthe bidea bthat bthe bhuman bmind bis bfundamentally bdifferent bfrom bthe
bminds bof bother banimals b
• bClashes bwith bthe bnotion bof b'free bwill'
• bClashes bwith bthe bidea bof bthe b'American bDream' b
• bCan bpotential blead bto bidea bthat bpeople bare bnot ball bequal, bwhich bcan blead bto
bdiscrimination band bracism


Empiricism b- bcorrect banswers✔✔the bmind bat bbirth bdoes bnot bcome bwith bpre-wired
bknowledge band bis bthus ba b'blank bslate' b(tabula brasa), bon bwhich bexperience bwill
b'write' blearned bknowledge


Famous bEmpiricists b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Aristotle, bHume, bLocke, bBerkeley,
bSampson

, AHLBS b(Way bto bremember bEmpiricsits)
Aristotle bHume bLocke bBerkley bSampson b- bcorrect banswers✔✔All bHomies bLove
bBig bSwizzle


Rationalism b- bcorrect banswers✔✔theory bthat bopinions band bactions bshould bbe
bbased bon breason band bknowledge brather bthan bon breligious bbelief bor bemotional
bresponse, bidea bthat bmajor baspects bof bour bknowledge bsystem bare bpresent bwithout
bthe bneed bfor bsensory binput bfrom bthe b(prenatal band bpostnatal) benvironment.
• bAgree bon bthe bfact bthat bthe bexperiences bthat bpeople bhave bafter btheir bbirth b(or
beven bafter bconception) bare bnot brich benough bto bexplain bthat bpeople bcome bto
bknow bso bmany bthings


Famous bRationalists b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Plato, bDescartes, bLeibniz, bSpinoza,
bKant, bJames, bChomsky, bPinker


Empirical bScience b- bcorrect banswers✔✔• bView bpoint bthat bknowledge bderives bfrom
bthe bsenses
• b'Real bscience' bshould bbe bbased bon bobservable bdata
• bScientific bmethod bmust bbe bused

Mind-Body bDualism b- bcorrect banswers✔✔o bWorld bcontains btwo bessentially bdifferent
bkinds bof b'substances': bthe bmaterial bworld b(matter, bstuff bthat bwe bcan btouch,
bmeasure, band bweigh) band bconscious bexperience b(the bmind, bwhich bwe bcannot
baccess bwith bour bsensory borgans).
• bBody band bmind bare btwo bdifferent bthings

Body b- bcorrect banswers✔✔res bextensa

Mind b- bcorrect banswers✔✔res bcogitans

Monism b- bcorrect banswers✔✔• bthe bbelief bthat bthere bis bonly bone btype bof
bsubstance, bwith bproperties bof bonly bone btype


Idealism
Materialism b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Two bPossibilities bregarding bmonism

Idealism b(Berkley) b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Reducing beverything bto bmental bthings,
bthere bis bonly bmind


Materialism b- bcorrect banswers✔✔Reducing beverything bto bmaterial bthings, bthere bis
bonly bmatter


Behaviorism b- bcorrect banswers✔✔the btheory bthat bhuman band banimal bbehavior bcan
bbe bexplained bin bterms bof bconditioning, bwithout bappeal bto bthoughts bor bfeelings,