Metabolism Exam Questions with Verified Answers Latest Update 2025 Already Passed
Beta oxidation is the initial phase of fatty acid oxidation, and it occurs in the cytoplasm. - Answers False
The increased use of noncarbohydrate molecules for energy to conserve glucose is called
glucose sparing. - Answers True
Except for lactose and some glycogen, the carbohydrates we ingest are mainly from animals. - Answers
False
The term essential nutrient refers to the chemicals that can be interconverted in the liver so
that the body can maintain life and good health. - Answers False
The most abundant dietary lipids in the diets of most Americans are triglycerides. - Answers True
There are no complete proteins. All animal products should be eaten with plant material to
make a complete protein. - Answers False
The body is considered to be in nitrogen balance when the amount of nitrogen ingested in
lipids equals the amount excreted in urine. - Answers False
The amount of protein needed by each person is determined by the age, size, and metabolic
rate of the person. - Answers True
Vitamins are inorganic compounds that are essential for growth and good health. - Answers False
Cellular respiration is an anabolic process. - Answers False
Glycolysis is a series of six chemical steps, most of which take place in the mitochondria. - Answers False
Glycogenesis begins when ATP levels are high, and glucose entering cells is phosphorylated
to glucose-6-phosphate and converted to its isomer, glucose-1-phosphate. - Answers True
All athletes require diets high in protein and calories in order to perform and to maintain
their muscle mass. - Answers False
In order for amino acids to be oxidized for energy, the amine group (NH2) must be removed. - Answers
True
Including the ATP from glycolysis, the cell gains 34 ATP molecules from aerobic metabolism of one
glucose molecule. - Answers False
,The body requires adequate supplies of only three minerals (calcium, sodium, chloride) and trace
amounts of all others. - Answers False
Processes that break down complex molecules into simpler ones are anabolic. - Answers False
For use as fuel, all food carbohydrates are eventually transformed to glucose. - Answers True
Triglycerides and cholesterol do not circulate freely in the bloodstream. - Answers True
Normal body temperature range is 98.6-100°F, regardless of external temperature. - Answers False
A deficit of potassium can cause rickets. - Answers False
It would not be healthy to eliminate all fats from your diet because they serve a useful purpose in
maintaining the body. - Answers True
The body's thermoregulatory centers are located in the thalamus. - Answers False
Carbohydrate and fat pools are oxidized directly to produce cellular energy, but amino acid pools must
first be converted to a carbohydrate intermediate before being sent through cellular respiration
pathways. - Answers True
High levels of HDLs are considered good. - Answers True
Diets high in cholesterol and saturated fats tend to produce high HDL concentrations. - Answers False
Ghrelin, produced by the stomach, is a powerful appetite stimulant. - Answers True
Peptides called NPY and AgRP are powerful appetite enhancers. - Answers True
The primary function of carbohydrates is energy production within cells. - Answers True
The molecule that serves as the major source of readily available fuel for neurons and blood cells is
________.
A) fat
B) glucose
C) acetyl CoA
D) cellulose - Answers B
Which of the choices below is not a fate of carbohydrate taken into the body?
A) ATP production
B) lipogenesis
, C) amino acid synthesis
D) conversion to a nucleic acid
E) glycogenesis - Answers D
Dietary fats are important because they ________.
A) keep blood pressure normal
B) help the body absorb fat-soluble vitamins
C) contribute significantly to the health of the skin
D) help prevent the common cold - Answers B
Cholesterol, though it is not an energy molecule, has importance in the body because it ________.
A) is a stabilizing component of the plasma membranes and is the parent molecule of steroid hormones
B) helps provide essential nutrients to the brain and lungs
C) helps mobilize fats during periods of starvation
D) enters the glycolytic pathway without being altered - Answers A
Which of the following statements best describes complete protein?
A) derived from meat and fish only
B) meets all the minimum daily requirements for a healthy diet
C) derived only from legumes and other plant material
D) must meet all the body's amino acid requirements for maintenance and growth - Answers D
The term metabolism is best defined as ________.
A) the length of time it takes to digest and absorb fats
B) a measure of carbohydrate utilization, typically involving measurement of calories
C) the number of calories it takes to keep from shivering on a cold day
D) biochemical reactions involved in building cell molecules or breaking down molecules for energy -
Answers D
The term metabolic rate reflects the ________.
A) energy the body needs to perform only its most essential activities
Beta oxidation is the initial phase of fatty acid oxidation, and it occurs in the cytoplasm. - Answers False
The increased use of noncarbohydrate molecules for energy to conserve glucose is called
glucose sparing. - Answers True
Except for lactose and some glycogen, the carbohydrates we ingest are mainly from animals. - Answers
False
The term essential nutrient refers to the chemicals that can be interconverted in the liver so
that the body can maintain life and good health. - Answers False
The most abundant dietary lipids in the diets of most Americans are triglycerides. - Answers True
There are no complete proteins. All animal products should be eaten with plant material to
make a complete protein. - Answers False
The body is considered to be in nitrogen balance when the amount of nitrogen ingested in
lipids equals the amount excreted in urine. - Answers False
The amount of protein needed by each person is determined by the age, size, and metabolic
rate of the person. - Answers True
Vitamins are inorganic compounds that are essential for growth and good health. - Answers False
Cellular respiration is an anabolic process. - Answers False
Glycolysis is a series of six chemical steps, most of which take place in the mitochondria. - Answers False
Glycogenesis begins when ATP levels are high, and glucose entering cells is phosphorylated
to glucose-6-phosphate and converted to its isomer, glucose-1-phosphate. - Answers True
All athletes require diets high in protein and calories in order to perform and to maintain
their muscle mass. - Answers False
In order for amino acids to be oxidized for energy, the amine group (NH2) must be removed. - Answers
True
Including the ATP from glycolysis, the cell gains 34 ATP molecules from aerobic metabolism of one
glucose molecule. - Answers False
,The body requires adequate supplies of only three minerals (calcium, sodium, chloride) and trace
amounts of all others. - Answers False
Processes that break down complex molecules into simpler ones are anabolic. - Answers False
For use as fuel, all food carbohydrates are eventually transformed to glucose. - Answers True
Triglycerides and cholesterol do not circulate freely in the bloodstream. - Answers True
Normal body temperature range is 98.6-100°F, regardless of external temperature. - Answers False
A deficit of potassium can cause rickets. - Answers False
It would not be healthy to eliminate all fats from your diet because they serve a useful purpose in
maintaining the body. - Answers True
The body's thermoregulatory centers are located in the thalamus. - Answers False
Carbohydrate and fat pools are oxidized directly to produce cellular energy, but amino acid pools must
first be converted to a carbohydrate intermediate before being sent through cellular respiration
pathways. - Answers True
High levels of HDLs are considered good. - Answers True
Diets high in cholesterol and saturated fats tend to produce high HDL concentrations. - Answers False
Ghrelin, produced by the stomach, is a powerful appetite stimulant. - Answers True
Peptides called NPY and AgRP are powerful appetite enhancers. - Answers True
The primary function of carbohydrates is energy production within cells. - Answers True
The molecule that serves as the major source of readily available fuel for neurons and blood cells is
________.
A) fat
B) glucose
C) acetyl CoA
D) cellulose - Answers B
Which of the choices below is not a fate of carbohydrate taken into the body?
A) ATP production
B) lipogenesis
, C) amino acid synthesis
D) conversion to a nucleic acid
E) glycogenesis - Answers D
Dietary fats are important because they ________.
A) keep blood pressure normal
B) help the body absorb fat-soluble vitamins
C) contribute significantly to the health of the skin
D) help prevent the common cold - Answers B
Cholesterol, though it is not an energy molecule, has importance in the body because it ________.
A) is a stabilizing component of the plasma membranes and is the parent molecule of steroid hormones
B) helps provide essential nutrients to the brain and lungs
C) helps mobilize fats during periods of starvation
D) enters the glycolytic pathway without being altered - Answers A
Which of the following statements best describes complete protein?
A) derived from meat and fish only
B) meets all the minimum daily requirements for a healthy diet
C) derived only from legumes and other plant material
D) must meet all the body's amino acid requirements for maintenance and growth - Answers D
The term metabolism is best defined as ________.
A) the length of time it takes to digest and absorb fats
B) a measure of carbohydrate utilization, typically involving measurement of calories
C) the number of calories it takes to keep from shivering on a cold day
D) biochemical reactions involved in building cell molecules or breaking down molecules for energy -
Answers D
The term metabolic rate reflects the ________.
A) energy the body needs to perform only its most essential activities
