PSY 205 FINAL EXAM Questions And All
Correct Answers.
Early Definition of Psychology - Answer -Acquired the meaning "study of the mind" in the 18th century
Current Definition of Psychology - Answer -Science that studies behavior and the physiological and
cognitive processes that underline behavior, and it is the profession that applies the accumulated
knowledge of this science for practical problems
Wilhelm Wundt - Answer -Founder of psychology
-Established 1st research lab at University of Leipzig
-Established 1st psychological journal for research publications
G. Stanley Hall - Answer -Brought psychology to America
-Established 1st US research lab at John Hopkins University
Edward Titchener - Answer -Structuralist
-Method of introspection --> careful, self-observation of one's own conscious experience
-Sensations, feelings, images, etc.
William James - Answer -Functionalist
-Applied natural selection to human consciousness
-Consciousness must have a purpose
John B. Watson - Answer -Founder of Behaviorism
-Downplayed heredity; behavior is governed by the environment
-Developed idea of unconscious
-Proposed behavior is influenced by how people cope with sexual urges
,Sigmund Freud - Answer -Attempts to explain personality, motivation and mental disorders by focusing
on unconscious determinants of behavior
-EX: slips of tongue, dreams
B.F. Skinner - Answer -Fundamental principle
-Organisms tend to repeat responses that lead to positive outcomes and they tend not to repeat
responses that lead to neutral or negative outcomes
Carl Rogers - Answer -Behavior is governed by one's sense of self
-Person-centered therapy
Abraham Maslow - Answer -Hierarchy of needs
-Self-actualization
-Self-esteem
-Love and belonging
-Safety needs
-Physiological needs
Functionalism - Answer -Psychology should investigate the function or purpose of consciousness,
rather than its structure
Structuralism - Answer -Task of psychology is to analyze consciousness into its basic tenants and
investigate how these elements are related
Experimental Psychology - Answer -Profession that is concerned with laboratory research instead of
applied settings
Clinical Psychology - Answer -Profession tasked with evaluating and treating psychological disorders
Counseling - Answer -Profession that typically treats less severe issues using various therapeutic
techniques
, School Psychology - Answer -Profession tasked with improving educational curriculum and examination
Industrial Psychology - Answer -Profession often associated with businesses especially human resource
departments
Psychology - Answer -The scientific study of persons, the mind and the brain
Psychiatry - Answer -Branch of medicine concerned with psychological disturbance
-Have medical degrees
Behaviorism - Answer -1913-1920
-Scientific psychology should study only observable behavior
-Focus on behavior (punching/yelling), not reported feelings/internal states ("I feel angry")
Humanism - Answer -1950s
-Emphasizes unique qualities of human and personal worth
-People are rational beings, unique from other animals
-Humans will fulfill their potential if given the opportunities
Cognitive Psychology - Answer -1950S-present
-Cognition --> refers to the mental processes involved in acquiring knowledge
-memory, language, reasoning, problem solving
-Emerged out of response to strict behaviorism
-Cognitive Neuroscience --> physiological brain states directly correlate with mental states
Social Psychology - Answer -WWII --> efforts to understand racism, genocide, mass persuasion of
people, etc.
-Criticism of behaviorism --> social psych view that stimuli depend on how individuals and groups
interpret it
Correct Answers.
Early Definition of Psychology - Answer -Acquired the meaning "study of the mind" in the 18th century
Current Definition of Psychology - Answer -Science that studies behavior and the physiological and
cognitive processes that underline behavior, and it is the profession that applies the accumulated
knowledge of this science for practical problems
Wilhelm Wundt - Answer -Founder of psychology
-Established 1st research lab at University of Leipzig
-Established 1st psychological journal for research publications
G. Stanley Hall - Answer -Brought psychology to America
-Established 1st US research lab at John Hopkins University
Edward Titchener - Answer -Structuralist
-Method of introspection --> careful, self-observation of one's own conscious experience
-Sensations, feelings, images, etc.
William James - Answer -Functionalist
-Applied natural selection to human consciousness
-Consciousness must have a purpose
John B. Watson - Answer -Founder of Behaviorism
-Downplayed heredity; behavior is governed by the environment
-Developed idea of unconscious
-Proposed behavior is influenced by how people cope with sexual urges
,Sigmund Freud - Answer -Attempts to explain personality, motivation and mental disorders by focusing
on unconscious determinants of behavior
-EX: slips of tongue, dreams
B.F. Skinner - Answer -Fundamental principle
-Organisms tend to repeat responses that lead to positive outcomes and they tend not to repeat
responses that lead to neutral or negative outcomes
Carl Rogers - Answer -Behavior is governed by one's sense of self
-Person-centered therapy
Abraham Maslow - Answer -Hierarchy of needs
-Self-actualization
-Self-esteem
-Love and belonging
-Safety needs
-Physiological needs
Functionalism - Answer -Psychology should investigate the function or purpose of consciousness,
rather than its structure
Structuralism - Answer -Task of psychology is to analyze consciousness into its basic tenants and
investigate how these elements are related
Experimental Psychology - Answer -Profession that is concerned with laboratory research instead of
applied settings
Clinical Psychology - Answer -Profession tasked with evaluating and treating psychological disorders
Counseling - Answer -Profession that typically treats less severe issues using various therapeutic
techniques
, School Psychology - Answer -Profession tasked with improving educational curriculum and examination
Industrial Psychology - Answer -Profession often associated with businesses especially human resource
departments
Psychology - Answer -The scientific study of persons, the mind and the brain
Psychiatry - Answer -Branch of medicine concerned with psychological disturbance
-Have medical degrees
Behaviorism - Answer -1913-1920
-Scientific psychology should study only observable behavior
-Focus on behavior (punching/yelling), not reported feelings/internal states ("I feel angry")
Humanism - Answer -1950s
-Emphasizes unique qualities of human and personal worth
-People are rational beings, unique from other animals
-Humans will fulfill their potential if given the opportunities
Cognitive Psychology - Answer -1950S-present
-Cognition --> refers to the mental processes involved in acquiring knowledge
-memory, language, reasoning, problem solving
-Emerged out of response to strict behaviorism
-Cognitive Neuroscience --> physiological brain states directly correlate with mental states
Social Psychology - Answer -WWII --> efforts to understand racism, genocide, mass persuasion of
people, etc.
-Criticism of behaviorism --> social psych view that stimuli depend on how individuals and groups
interpret it
