Biochemistry
Protein Synthesis
Compiled By Simon Mwangi
Edition: 2024/25
, Science | Biochemistry I of VI pages
1. Protein is synthesized from the ___ terminal to the ____ terminal
amino; carboxyl
2. Each ribosome contains a ___ site and an ___ site
P (peptidyl); A (acceptor)
3. Processed mRNA enters the cytoplasm where it associates with a ___
ribosome
4. A ___ RNA molecule (bearing the amino acid coded for in the first codon) binds to this codon in the mRNA
transfer
5. Two AAs are joined by a ___ bond
peptide
6. ___ factors help to terminate protein synthesis. For some proteins, membrane targeting is largely
by the composition of the first twenty or so AAs in its amino terminal. This amino sequence where the protein
releasing; signal peptide
7. All tRNA molecules are folded into a ___ structure. This folding is accomplished by ____ bonding between
cloverleaf; hydrogen
8. Every tRNA molecule studied possesses 4 distinctive regions. For the region listed, name its
the AA binding site
note: terminates with the sequences C-C-A
9. Every tRNA molecule studied possesses 4 distinctive regions. For the region listed, name its
this is where the tRNA binds to the ribosome
10. Every tRNA molecule studied possesses 4 distinctive regions. For the region listed, name its
this loop contains a high percentage of dihydrouridine residues (recognized by the enzyme tRNA synthetase)
11. Every tRNA molecule studied possesses 4 distinctive regions. For the region listed, name its significance:
this loop contains the anticodon which is complementary to the codon of the messenger RNA
12. What are the possible functions of the rare or minor bases present in tRNA?
a. to disallow base pairing at certain points in order to form the cloverleaf structureb. to disallow unwanted
13. Although there are 20 AAs, the cells possess more than 20 types of tRNAs. Why?
there are several codons which specify a given AA
14. There are six codons for serine and several tRNA which recognize the various codons for serine
isoacceptors
15. Base pairing is antiparallel. tRNA runs __ > ___ and mRNA runs ___ > ___
3 > 5; 5 > 3
Biochemistry 2024/25 Edition
Protein Synthesis
Compiled By Simon Mwangi
Edition: 2024/25
, Science | Biochemistry I of VI pages
1. Protein is synthesized from the ___ terminal to the ____ terminal
amino; carboxyl
2. Each ribosome contains a ___ site and an ___ site
P (peptidyl); A (acceptor)
3. Processed mRNA enters the cytoplasm where it associates with a ___
ribosome
4. A ___ RNA molecule (bearing the amino acid coded for in the first codon) binds to this codon in the mRNA
transfer
5. Two AAs are joined by a ___ bond
peptide
6. ___ factors help to terminate protein synthesis. For some proteins, membrane targeting is largely
by the composition of the first twenty or so AAs in its amino terminal. This amino sequence where the protein
releasing; signal peptide
7. All tRNA molecules are folded into a ___ structure. This folding is accomplished by ____ bonding between
cloverleaf; hydrogen
8. Every tRNA molecule studied possesses 4 distinctive regions. For the region listed, name its
the AA binding site
note: terminates with the sequences C-C-A
9. Every tRNA molecule studied possesses 4 distinctive regions. For the region listed, name its
this is where the tRNA binds to the ribosome
10. Every tRNA molecule studied possesses 4 distinctive regions. For the region listed, name its
this loop contains a high percentage of dihydrouridine residues (recognized by the enzyme tRNA synthetase)
11. Every tRNA molecule studied possesses 4 distinctive regions. For the region listed, name its significance:
this loop contains the anticodon which is complementary to the codon of the messenger RNA
12. What are the possible functions of the rare or minor bases present in tRNA?
a. to disallow base pairing at certain points in order to form the cloverleaf structureb. to disallow unwanted
13. Although there are 20 AAs, the cells possess more than 20 types of tRNAs. Why?
there are several codons which specify a given AA
14. There are six codons for serine and several tRNA which recognize the various codons for serine
isoacceptors
15. Base pairing is antiparallel. tRNA runs __ > ___ and mRNA runs ___ > ___
3 > 5; 5 > 3
Biochemistry 2024/25 Edition
