TEST BANK BIOCHEMISTRY 2021
n n n
Contents
Chaptern1 IntroductionntonBiochemistry 1
Chaptern2 Water 10
Chaptern3 AminonAcidsnandnthenPrimarynStructuresnofnProteins 27
Chaptern4 Proteins:nThree-DimensionalnStructurenandnFunction 46
Chaptern5 PropertiesnofnEnzymes 65
Chaptern6 MechanismsnofnEnzymes 85
Chaptern7 CoenzymesnandnVitamins 104
Chaptern8 Carbohydrates 119
Chaptern9 LipidsnandnMembranes 137
Chaptern10 IntroductionntonMetabolism 153
Chaptern11 Glycolysis 169
Chaptern12 Gluconeogenesis,nThenPentosenPhosphatenPathway,
andnGlycogennMetabolism 185
Chaptern13 ThenCitricnAcidnCycle 199
Chaptern14 ElectronnTransportnandnOxidativenPhosphorylation 213
Chaptern15 Photosynthesis 227
Chaptern16 LipidnMetabolism 241
Chaptern17 AminonAcidnMetabolism 256
Chaptern18 NucleotidenMetabolism 269
Chaptern19 NucleicnAcids 284
Chaptern20 DNAnReplication,nRepair,nandnRecombination 300
Chaptern21 TranscriptionnandnRNAnProcessing 315
Chaptern22 ProteinnSynthesis 330
Chaptern23 RecombinantnDNAnTechnology 348
,Chapter 1 Introduction to Biochemistry
n n n
1) Whichn elementsnaccountn forn moren thann 97%n ofnthen weightn ofnmostnorganisms?
A) C,nH,nN,nMg,nO,n S
B) C,nH,nN,nO,nP,nS
C) C,nH,nN
D) Fe,nC,nH,nO,nP
E) Ca2+,n K+,n Na+,n Mg2+,n Cl-
Answer:n B
PagenRef:nSectionn2
2) Proteinsninn biologicaln membranesn mayn be
A) porous.
B) attachedn tonthen membranen surface.
C) spann then membrane.
D) Alln ofnthenabove
E) Bnandn Cnonly
Answer:n D
PagenRef:nSectionn3
3) Whichn statementn aboutn cellulosen isn false?
A) Itn isnthen mostnabundantn polysacchariden innnature.
B) Itsn monomersn aren joinedn bynglycosidicn bonds.
C) Itn isnpresentn innthen stemsn ofnfloweringn plants.
D) Then hydroxyln groupsn ofn neighboringn cellulosen moleculesn interactn ton formn strong,n insolub
lenfibers.
E) Itn isnan branchedn polymern ofnglucose.
Answer:n E
PagenRef:nSectionn3
1
,4) WhennKeqnofnan reactionn=n1,nthen
A) then forwardn reactionn isn fastern thann then reversen reaction.
B) then reversen reactionnisn fastern thann then forwardn reaction.
C) then forwardn andn reversen reactionn raten constantsn aren equal.
D) moren productsn aren formedn thann reactants.
E) fewern productsn aren formedn thann reactants.
Answer:n C
PagenRef:nSectionn4
5) Whichn statementn isn truenaboutn an reactionnwithnann equilibriumn constant,n Keq,n equaln ton1000?
A) Then forwardn raten constantn isn1000n timesngreatern thann then reversen raten constant.
B) Then forwardn raten constantn isn3n timesngreatern thann reversen raten constant.
C) Then forwardn raten constantn isn1000n timesn smallernthann then reversen raten constant.
D) Then forwardn raten constantn isn3n timesnsmallernthann then reversen raten constant.
E) Theren isn notn enoughn informationn givenn toncomparen then forwardn andn reversen raten constants.
Answer:n A
PagenRef:nSectionn4
6) Then studyn ofnthen energyn changesn duringn metabolicn reactionsn isn called .
A) bioinformatics
B) metabodynamics
C) thermometrics
D) bioenergetics
E) biologicaln heatn dynamics
Answer:n D
PagenRef:nSectionn4
7) An spontaneousn chemicaln reactionn alwaysn hasn a change.
A) positiven Gibbʹsn freen energy
B) negativen Gibbʹsn freen energy
C) positiven enthalpy
D) negativen enthalpy
E) positiven entropy
Answer:n B
PagenRef:nSectionn4
2
, 8) Prokaryotesn aren valuablen toolsn forn biochemistsn because
A) E.ncolinisnwell-studiedn andn typicaln ofnprokaryotes.
B) theyncontainn asn manyn genesn asn eukaryoticn cells.
C) manyn ofntheirn chromosomesn aren sequenced.
D) theynaren notn veryn diversen organisms.
E) Alln ofnthenabove
Answer:n C
PagenRef:nSectionn6
9) Whichn cellularn componentn carriesn outn oxidationn reactions,n somen ofn whichn producen hydroge
nnperoxide?
A) peroxisomes
B) mitochondria
C) chloroplasts
D) lysosomes
E) vacuoles
Answer:n A
PagenRef:nSectionn8
10) Whyn isnitn importantn thatn then enzymesn innlysosomesn aren moren activen atn acidicn pHn thann atn neut
ralnpH?
A) Sincen lysosomesn aren primarilyn foundn innthen stomachnacidn ofnmammals,n theirn p
Hndependencen allowsn forn maximumnefficiencyn forn then digestionn ofnfoodstuffs.
B) Itn preventsn theirn diffusionn outn ofnthen lysosomes.
C) Itn maximizesn then interactionn withntheirn substratesn whichn aren alwaysn bases.
D) Itn preventsn themn fromn accidentallyn degradingn then macromoleculesn innthen cytosol.
E) Itn allowsn forn regulationn ofntheirn uptaken bynthen mitochondria.
Answer:n D
PagenRef:nSectionn8
11) Moleculesn fromn livingn cellsn cannotn bensynthesizedn outsiden ofnlivingn cell
s.nAnswer:n FALSE
PagenRef:nSectionn1
12) Fermentationn inn then absencen ofncellsn demonstratedn thatn metabolicn processesn werenchemicaln i
nnnature.
Answer:n TRUE
PagenRef:nSectionn1
3
n n n
Contents
Chaptern1 IntroductionntonBiochemistry 1
Chaptern2 Water 10
Chaptern3 AminonAcidsnandnthenPrimarynStructuresnofnProteins 27
Chaptern4 Proteins:nThree-DimensionalnStructurenandnFunction 46
Chaptern5 PropertiesnofnEnzymes 65
Chaptern6 MechanismsnofnEnzymes 85
Chaptern7 CoenzymesnandnVitamins 104
Chaptern8 Carbohydrates 119
Chaptern9 LipidsnandnMembranes 137
Chaptern10 IntroductionntonMetabolism 153
Chaptern11 Glycolysis 169
Chaptern12 Gluconeogenesis,nThenPentosenPhosphatenPathway,
andnGlycogennMetabolism 185
Chaptern13 ThenCitricnAcidnCycle 199
Chaptern14 ElectronnTransportnandnOxidativenPhosphorylation 213
Chaptern15 Photosynthesis 227
Chaptern16 LipidnMetabolism 241
Chaptern17 AminonAcidnMetabolism 256
Chaptern18 NucleotidenMetabolism 269
Chaptern19 NucleicnAcids 284
Chaptern20 DNAnReplication,nRepair,nandnRecombination 300
Chaptern21 TranscriptionnandnRNAnProcessing 315
Chaptern22 ProteinnSynthesis 330
Chaptern23 RecombinantnDNAnTechnology 348
,Chapter 1 Introduction to Biochemistry
n n n
1) Whichn elementsnaccountn forn moren thann 97%n ofnthen weightn ofnmostnorganisms?
A) C,nH,nN,nMg,nO,n S
B) C,nH,nN,nO,nP,nS
C) C,nH,nN
D) Fe,nC,nH,nO,nP
E) Ca2+,n K+,n Na+,n Mg2+,n Cl-
Answer:n B
PagenRef:nSectionn2
2) Proteinsninn biologicaln membranesn mayn be
A) porous.
B) attachedn tonthen membranen surface.
C) spann then membrane.
D) Alln ofnthenabove
E) Bnandn Cnonly
Answer:n D
PagenRef:nSectionn3
3) Whichn statementn aboutn cellulosen isn false?
A) Itn isnthen mostnabundantn polysacchariden innnature.
B) Itsn monomersn aren joinedn bynglycosidicn bonds.
C) Itn isnpresentn innthen stemsn ofnfloweringn plants.
D) Then hydroxyln groupsn ofn neighboringn cellulosen moleculesn interactn ton formn strong,n insolub
lenfibers.
E) Itn isnan branchedn polymern ofnglucose.
Answer:n E
PagenRef:nSectionn3
1
,4) WhennKeqnofnan reactionn=n1,nthen
A) then forwardn reactionn isn fastern thann then reversen reaction.
B) then reversen reactionnisn fastern thann then forwardn reaction.
C) then forwardn andn reversen reactionn raten constantsn aren equal.
D) moren productsn aren formedn thann reactants.
E) fewern productsn aren formedn thann reactants.
Answer:n C
PagenRef:nSectionn4
5) Whichn statementn isn truenaboutn an reactionnwithnann equilibriumn constant,n Keq,n equaln ton1000?
A) Then forwardn raten constantn isn1000n timesngreatern thann then reversen raten constant.
B) Then forwardn raten constantn isn3n timesngreatern thann reversen raten constant.
C) Then forwardn raten constantn isn1000n timesn smallernthann then reversen raten constant.
D) Then forwardn raten constantn isn3n timesnsmallernthann then reversen raten constant.
E) Theren isn notn enoughn informationn givenn toncomparen then forwardn andn reversen raten constants.
Answer:n A
PagenRef:nSectionn4
6) Then studyn ofnthen energyn changesn duringn metabolicn reactionsn isn called .
A) bioinformatics
B) metabodynamics
C) thermometrics
D) bioenergetics
E) biologicaln heatn dynamics
Answer:n D
PagenRef:nSectionn4
7) An spontaneousn chemicaln reactionn alwaysn hasn a change.
A) positiven Gibbʹsn freen energy
B) negativen Gibbʹsn freen energy
C) positiven enthalpy
D) negativen enthalpy
E) positiven entropy
Answer:n B
PagenRef:nSectionn4
2
, 8) Prokaryotesn aren valuablen toolsn forn biochemistsn because
A) E.ncolinisnwell-studiedn andn typicaln ofnprokaryotes.
B) theyncontainn asn manyn genesn asn eukaryoticn cells.
C) manyn ofntheirn chromosomesn aren sequenced.
D) theynaren notn veryn diversen organisms.
E) Alln ofnthenabove
Answer:n C
PagenRef:nSectionn6
9) Whichn cellularn componentn carriesn outn oxidationn reactions,n somen ofn whichn producen hydroge
nnperoxide?
A) peroxisomes
B) mitochondria
C) chloroplasts
D) lysosomes
E) vacuoles
Answer:n A
PagenRef:nSectionn8
10) Whyn isnitn importantn thatn then enzymesn innlysosomesn aren moren activen atn acidicn pHn thann atn neut
ralnpH?
A) Sincen lysosomesn aren primarilyn foundn innthen stomachnacidn ofnmammals,n theirn p
Hndependencen allowsn forn maximumnefficiencyn forn then digestionn ofnfoodstuffs.
B) Itn preventsn theirn diffusionn outn ofnthen lysosomes.
C) Itn maximizesn then interactionn withntheirn substratesn whichn aren alwaysn bases.
D) Itn preventsn themn fromn accidentallyn degradingn then macromoleculesn innthen cytosol.
E) Itn allowsn forn regulationn ofntheirn uptaken bynthen mitochondria.
Answer:n D
PagenRef:nSectionn8
11) Moleculesn fromn livingn cellsn cannotn bensynthesizedn outsiden ofnlivingn cell
s.nAnswer:n FALSE
PagenRef:nSectionn1
12) Fermentationn inn then absencen ofncellsn demonstratedn thatn metabolicn processesn werenchemicaln i
nnnature.
Answer:n TRUE
PagenRef:nSectionn1
3
