3805 Revision Exam 2 Questions And
Accurate Answers.
function of urinary system - Answer remove liquid waste from the blood in the form of urine
keep a stable balance of salts and other substances in the blood
produce erythropoietin, hormone that aids the formation of red blood cells
remove urea from the blood through tiny filtering units called nephrons
subjective data of urinary system - Answer past health history
medications
surgery or other treatments
functional health patterns (Eg. nutritional-metabolic pattern, elimination pattern, sexuality-reproductive
pattern)
normal voiding pattern - every 3 hours, smell/look
objective data or urinary system - inspection - Answer skin, mouth, face and extremities, abdomen
weight, general state of health, look for edema, skin leaking
Obj data urinary system -palpation - Answer left kidney rarely palpable, right kidney, bladder
obj data urinary system - percussion and auscultation - Answer percussion - kidney punch, bladder
CVA tenderness is often a sign of kidney stones or pyelonephritis
auscultation - before you touch, bell at CVA, diaphragm for bowel sounds
gerontologic considerations effects of aging on urinary system - Answer size and weigh of kidneys
decreases (20-30%)
loss of 30-50% glomerular function
decreased renal blood flow
decreased ability to concentrate urine
,prostate enlargement in men
loss of muscular support and elasticity
drug toxicity increases
NSAIDS decrease renal blood flow
diagnostic studies of urinary system - Answer urinalysis, urine culture
collecting urine specimens: midstream, catheterization, 24 hour collection, collection from kids and
infants
blood chemistry: BUN, creatinine, electrolytes
bladder scan (can do without order)
cystoscopy
KUB
CT
biopsy
normal BUN and creatinine - Answer BUN: 7-20
creatinine 0.6-1.2
24 hour urine - Answer starts after they void for the first time, then start the clock
urine must always be on ice
color of urine - Answer straw colored - normal
dark concentrated urine - dehydrated
red - macroscopic hematuria/rifampicin/porphyria/beetroot
brown - bile pigments/myoglobin/antimalarial
clarity of urine - Answer clear - normal
cloudy/debris - UTI
frothy - nephrotic syndrome
, urine odor - Answer offensive urine - UTI
sweet - glycosuria
urinalysis - Answer color - normal-amber yellow
abnormal - dark, yellow/brown, olive green
odor - noral: aromatic
abnormal- ammonia/unpleasant
specific gravity - 1.003-1.030
casts
RBC's
glucose
dipstick urinalysis - Answer identify presence of nitrites, WBC;s and leukocyte esterase
leukocyte esterase - enzyme produced by neutrophils (WBC in urine) - increase in UTI
nitrites - breakdown products caused by gram-neg organisms = UTI e.g. E. Coli
leukocytes - indicate infection or inflammation normal=negative
pyuria: leukocytes in urine
radiologic procedures urinary - Answer kidneys, ureters, bladder (KUB)- visualize size and shape of
kidneys and renal stones
renal ultrasound
intravenous pyelogram (IVP) - don't use in pt with decrease renal function
renal arteriogram - visualizes blood vessels in the kidney
Accurate Answers.
function of urinary system - Answer remove liquid waste from the blood in the form of urine
keep a stable balance of salts and other substances in the blood
produce erythropoietin, hormone that aids the formation of red blood cells
remove urea from the blood through tiny filtering units called nephrons
subjective data of urinary system - Answer past health history
medications
surgery or other treatments
functional health patterns (Eg. nutritional-metabolic pattern, elimination pattern, sexuality-reproductive
pattern)
normal voiding pattern - every 3 hours, smell/look
objective data or urinary system - inspection - Answer skin, mouth, face and extremities, abdomen
weight, general state of health, look for edema, skin leaking
Obj data urinary system -palpation - Answer left kidney rarely palpable, right kidney, bladder
obj data urinary system - percussion and auscultation - Answer percussion - kidney punch, bladder
CVA tenderness is often a sign of kidney stones or pyelonephritis
auscultation - before you touch, bell at CVA, diaphragm for bowel sounds
gerontologic considerations effects of aging on urinary system - Answer size and weigh of kidneys
decreases (20-30%)
loss of 30-50% glomerular function
decreased renal blood flow
decreased ability to concentrate urine
,prostate enlargement in men
loss of muscular support and elasticity
drug toxicity increases
NSAIDS decrease renal blood flow
diagnostic studies of urinary system - Answer urinalysis, urine culture
collecting urine specimens: midstream, catheterization, 24 hour collection, collection from kids and
infants
blood chemistry: BUN, creatinine, electrolytes
bladder scan (can do without order)
cystoscopy
KUB
CT
biopsy
normal BUN and creatinine - Answer BUN: 7-20
creatinine 0.6-1.2
24 hour urine - Answer starts after they void for the first time, then start the clock
urine must always be on ice
color of urine - Answer straw colored - normal
dark concentrated urine - dehydrated
red - macroscopic hematuria/rifampicin/porphyria/beetroot
brown - bile pigments/myoglobin/antimalarial
clarity of urine - Answer clear - normal
cloudy/debris - UTI
frothy - nephrotic syndrome
, urine odor - Answer offensive urine - UTI
sweet - glycosuria
urinalysis - Answer color - normal-amber yellow
abnormal - dark, yellow/brown, olive green
odor - noral: aromatic
abnormal- ammonia/unpleasant
specific gravity - 1.003-1.030
casts
RBC's
glucose
dipstick urinalysis - Answer identify presence of nitrites, WBC;s and leukocyte esterase
leukocyte esterase - enzyme produced by neutrophils (WBC in urine) - increase in UTI
nitrites - breakdown products caused by gram-neg organisms = UTI e.g. E. Coli
leukocytes - indicate infection or inflammation normal=negative
pyuria: leukocytes in urine
radiologic procedures urinary - Answer kidneys, ureters, bladder (KUB)- visualize size and shape of
kidneys and renal stones
renal ultrasound
intravenous pyelogram (IVP) - don't use in pt with decrease renal function
renal arteriogram - visualizes blood vessels in the kidney
