AP Computer Science Principles Chapter 17 Study Guide with Complete Solutions

AP Computer Science Principles Chapter 17 Study Guide with Complete Solutions Information Security - ANSWER-The techniques and policies used to ensure proper access to data CIA Triad - ANSWER-Confidentiality, Availability, Integrity Confidentiality - ANSWER-Ensuring that data is protected from unauthorized access Availability - ANSWER-The degree to which authorized users can access information for legitimate purposes Integrity - ANSWER-Ensuring that data can be modified only by appropriate mechanisms Risk Analysis - ANSWER-Determining the nature and likelihood of the risks to key data and Goal is to minimize vulnerability to threats that put a system at the most risk Preventing Unauthorized Access - ANSWER-Computers ask for authentication credentials Authentication credentials - ANSWER-Information users provide to identify themselves for computer access Examples of Authentication Credentials - ANSWER-User knowledge, Smart card, Biometrics ©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 2/5 User knowledge - ANSWER-Name, password, PIN Smart card - ANSWER-A card with an embedded memory chip used for identification Biometrics - ANSWER-Human characteristics such as fingerprints, retina or voice patterns Guidelines for passwords - ANSWER-Easy to remember, hard to guess • Don't use family or pet names • Don't make it accessible • Use combination uppercase/lowercase letters, digits and special characters • Don't leave computer when logged in • Don't ever tell anyone • Don't include in an email • Don't use the same password in lots of places reCAPTCHA - ANSWER-Software that helps digitize books at the same time Fingerprint analysis - ANSWER-a stronger level of verification than username and password iPhone Touch ID Malicious Code - ANSWER-A computer program that attempts to bypass appropriate authorization and/or perform unauthorized functions Worm - ANSWER-stands alone, targets network resources Trojan Horse - ANSWER-disguised as benevolent resource Virus - ANSWER-self-replicating Logic Bomb - ANSWER-set up to execute at system event ©EMILLECT 2024/2025 ACADEMIC YEAR. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED FIRST PUBLISH OCTOBER 2024 Page 3/5 Antivirus Software - ANSWER-Software installed to detect and remove malicious code Signature detection - ANSWER-recognizes known malware and removes Heuristics - ANSWER-are strategies used to identify general patterns Security Attacks - ANSWER-Password guessing, phishing, Spoofing, back door Phishing - ANSWER-Trick users into revealing security infor