Pilbeams Ch. 9 Mechanical Ventilation.docx

define Scalar - correct answer used to specify flow, pressure, and volume waveforms that are graphed relative to time How many different types of wave forms are produced with scalars in mechanical ventilation and what are they? - correct answer 6 1. rectangular (constant 2. descending ramp 3. ascending ramp 4. sinusoidal 5. rising exponential 6. decaying exponential The flow of gas into the lungs depends on the difference between __________ and _________ - correct answer the pressure from the vent and the pressure inside the lungs does a greater pressure gradient increase or decrease the flow of gas? - correct answer increase If there is an increase in flow, the lungs will fill faster or slower? - correct answer faster Flow = - correct answer V/Ti The amount of pressure required to inflate the lungs depends on the patients what? (2) - correct answer 1. airway resistance 2. lung compliance How do stiff lungs effect lung compliance and required pressures? - correct answer Decrease in compliance higher pressures Very compliant lungs are easy to inflate and require what kind of pressures? - correct answer low pressures Change in pressure= - correct answer change in volume/lung compliance What is the most important factor affecting air way resistance? - correct answer airway diameter If air way resistance decreases the airway diameter will increase or decrease? - correct answer increase (this will also increase flow) The volume delivered depends on what 2 things? - correct answer 1. amount of flow 2. inspiratory time V(volume)= - correct answer Flow xTi What is the flow pattern for PC-CMV? - correct answer -descending flow with a constant pressure pattern Volume controlled ventilation with a constant flow produces what kind of flow curve? - correct answer rectangular/square/constant During pressure-controlled ventilation the flow waveform is what kind of scalar? - correct answer descending/decelerating During volume controlled ventilation the pressure scalar is what? - correct answer ascending ramp or rising exponential curve During pressure controlled ventilation, the pressure scalar is what? - correct answer rectangular What 2 scalars should you look at if you want to determine the mode? - correct answer 2. pressure What does it mean if the P-V loop is drawn counterclockwise? - correct answer it is a ventilator given breath What does it mean of the P-V loop is drawn clockwise? - correct answer it is a spontaneous breath In and Flow-Volume loop inspiratory is above or below baseline? - correct answer above What does PEFR stand for? - correct answer Peak expiratory flow rate When flow drops to zero at the end of inspiration, what is present? - correct answer inspiratory pause When flow is zero the pressure gradient between the vent and the patient lungs are the ________? - correct answer same (this is PLAT) WOB= (give equation) - correct answer pressure x volume