PPCT Study Guide with Complete
Solutions
What two branches is the autonomic nervous system broken into? - ANSWER-1.
Parasympathetic nervous system (PNS)
2. Sympathetic nervous system (SNS)
Describe the PNS - ANSWER-Rest and Digest, this allows us to save energy - blood
pressure decreases and the heart beats slower.
Describe the SNS - ANSWER-Fight or Flight, uses more energy- blood pressure
increases and the heart beats faster.
What is the balance between the "Fight and Flight" of the SNS and the "Rest and
Digest" of the PNS called? - ANSWER-Homeostasis
What are the three energy systems the human body relies on? Describe them. -
ANSWER-1. ATP/PC System- Small energy bundles stored in the muscles.
2. Lactic Acid System- Once the ATP system is depleted, the LAS will act as afterburn
fuel.
3. Aerobic System- Once the LAS is depleted, the AS becomes the final dominant fuel
system.
What are the three Components of Acceptability that contribute to the philosophy of
PPCT? - ANSWER-1. Tactical
2. Legal
3. Medical
What are the six levels of resistance? - ANSWER-1. Psychological intimidation
2. Verbal non-compliance
3. Passive resistance
4. Defensive resistance
5. Active aggression
6. Deadly force assaults
What are the six levels of control? - ANSWER-1. Officer Presence
2. Verbal Direction
3. Soft Empty Hand Control
4. Hard Empty Hand Control
5. Intermediate Weapons
6. Deadly Force
, What types of variables will affect an officer in choosing what level of force to apply? -
ANSWER--Officer VS. Subject Size
-Influence of Drugs/Alcohol
-Immediacy of Danger
-Availability of Backup
-Special Knowledge
-Number of Subjects
What are the four most common types of resistance officers encounter? - ANSWER-1.
Resistance during the handcuffing procedure
2. Passive actions
3. Escort position resistance
4. Active aggression
What five principles are used to control behavior? - ANSWER-1. Pain compliance
2. Stunning techniques
3. Distraction techniques
4. Balance displacement
5. Motor dysfunction
What stages are involved in the Reaction Time Model? - ANSWER--Perception
-Analyze/Evaluate
-Formulate a Strategy
-Motor Initiation
How close should an officer stand to a suspect? What is this called? - ANSWER-6 feet,
the Reactionary Gap
When an officer is faced with a survival situation, what two tactical reactionary options
are available? - ANSWER-1. Penetrate
2. Disengage
Identify relative positioning - ANSWER-Inside Position (Front)
Level 1 Interview Position (45 degree front)
Level 2 (Side)
Level 2 1/2 Escort Position (45 degree back)
Level 3 (Back)
What is Hick's Law? - ANSWER-The relationship between reactionary time and the
number of options available.
What three types of people do officers handcuff? - ANSWER-1. Totally Cooperative
2. Potentially Uncooperative
3. Totally Uncooperative
Solutions
What two branches is the autonomic nervous system broken into? - ANSWER-1.
Parasympathetic nervous system (PNS)
2. Sympathetic nervous system (SNS)
Describe the PNS - ANSWER-Rest and Digest, this allows us to save energy - blood
pressure decreases and the heart beats slower.
Describe the SNS - ANSWER-Fight or Flight, uses more energy- blood pressure
increases and the heart beats faster.
What is the balance between the "Fight and Flight" of the SNS and the "Rest and
Digest" of the PNS called? - ANSWER-Homeostasis
What are the three energy systems the human body relies on? Describe them. -
ANSWER-1. ATP/PC System- Small energy bundles stored in the muscles.
2. Lactic Acid System- Once the ATP system is depleted, the LAS will act as afterburn
fuel.
3. Aerobic System- Once the LAS is depleted, the AS becomes the final dominant fuel
system.
What are the three Components of Acceptability that contribute to the philosophy of
PPCT? - ANSWER-1. Tactical
2. Legal
3. Medical
What are the six levels of resistance? - ANSWER-1. Psychological intimidation
2. Verbal non-compliance
3. Passive resistance
4. Defensive resistance
5. Active aggression
6. Deadly force assaults
What are the six levels of control? - ANSWER-1. Officer Presence
2. Verbal Direction
3. Soft Empty Hand Control
4. Hard Empty Hand Control
5. Intermediate Weapons
6. Deadly Force
, What types of variables will affect an officer in choosing what level of force to apply? -
ANSWER--Officer VS. Subject Size
-Influence of Drugs/Alcohol
-Immediacy of Danger
-Availability of Backup
-Special Knowledge
-Number of Subjects
What are the four most common types of resistance officers encounter? - ANSWER-1.
Resistance during the handcuffing procedure
2. Passive actions
3. Escort position resistance
4. Active aggression
What five principles are used to control behavior? - ANSWER-1. Pain compliance
2. Stunning techniques
3. Distraction techniques
4. Balance displacement
5. Motor dysfunction
What stages are involved in the Reaction Time Model? - ANSWER--Perception
-Analyze/Evaluate
-Formulate a Strategy
-Motor Initiation
How close should an officer stand to a suspect? What is this called? - ANSWER-6 feet,
the Reactionary Gap
When an officer is faced with a survival situation, what two tactical reactionary options
are available? - ANSWER-1. Penetrate
2. Disengage
Identify relative positioning - ANSWER-Inside Position (Front)
Level 1 Interview Position (45 degree front)
Level 2 (Side)
Level 2 1/2 Escort Position (45 degree back)
Level 3 (Back)
What is Hick's Law? - ANSWER-The relationship between reactionary time and the
number of options available.
What three types of people do officers handcuff? - ANSWER-1. Totally Cooperative
2. Potentially Uncooperative
3. Totally Uncooperative
