Principles of animal nutrition
College 1 [7-1-2019]
Productoon oim lsn odncomp oioosn oim lsn renfedncompletel ndifereotl .nBec usencomp oioosn
oim lsn reo’tnfednfornproductoonpurposes.
Nutritoonisnsimple n oun ven ncert ionreuuiremeotn odnprovidednoutrieots.nn entwonoeedntonsen
s l oced.n
Ever t iognt ensod ndoeso’tnoeednisnexcreted.nn isnisnionesseocenloss.nMioim lnlossn=nm ximizedn
productooneefcieoc n=nmioim lnecooomicnloss.n
Horsesnseloogntonproductoon oim lsn snwell.nNutritoonisn lsonimport otnfornm iot ioiogn e lt .n
20/58%nfeednisnt encostnofnproductoo.nEver ng ion ounc onm kenionreduciognfeednwillnreducencostsnofn
productoo.n (rumio otsn rent en20% ntr osfersnlownsoug tnfornfoodnioton ig nv luen um onfood.n
C ickeon renfednfoodsnt tn um osnc on lsoncoosume)
Ancompouodnfeedn=nfoodnm denupnofncompooeots.nComsio toonc ondepeodnoont enpricenofnt en
compooeots.n
Aoim lnproductoo nisnm iol nproteion odn nlitlensitnofnf t.nn enmostn mouotnofnproteionisnwit npigsn
odnpoultr .n
Foodncooversiooneefcieoc nc onm iol nsenimprovednusiogngeoetcs.nn ensestn oim lsnreg rdiognfoodn
cooversioon renfs .nFis n renver neefcieotnsec usent e n rencoldslooded.n
30%nofnfeedncoosumednisncompouodnfood.nRestnofnitnisnmostl ngr ss.n
H nisnc e p.nPign odnpoultr noeedn ig ernuu lit nfeedntonproducenoptm ll .n
n enmostnexpeosivenfoodnisnc lfnmilknrepl cer.nC tn odndognfoodncoot iosnt ens mencompooeotsnsutnis
w nmorenexpeosive.nFoodnforncomp oioon oim lsnisnm rketedntow rdsn um os.n‘ifn ounloven ourn
oim ln ouns ouldnsenprep redntonp …n‘n
Nutritoonisnver nsimple.n蠗ounoeednoutrieots.n (met solicnr tencre tesndifereocesnsetweeonspecies)n
- W tndon ounreuuire?
- Hownmuc nofnit?
Met solicnfexisilit n=n ounc ondecre senoutrieotsnupnton ncert ionpoiot n o nlessn odnitnc o’tncopen
o more.n
Aoim lnfeednc on lsonsens sednoonpriornfeediognrespooses.n
B s lnoutrieots:nf t nproteion odnc rso dr tes.n
n iogsnmeotooednionsot nt enre dern odnt enlecturen renmostnimport ot.
nonm tc nt enreuuiremeotsnforncert ionoutrieotsnofn on oim ln tn o nmomeotnduriognitsnlifenc clenwit
t env luenofnt osenoutrieotsnion ndiet.n=nns cksooenofn oim lnoutritoo.n
Lecture 2 8-1-2019
Beforen1950 nmixednf rmiogn oim lsnwerenfednw stenproducts.n
Fromn1950npeoplenst rtedntonfocusnooneefcieotnfeedncooversioon odnfromn1990noow rdsnfuoctoo ln
feednisnmostnimport ot.nEmp sisnmovesntoneoviroomeotn odnwelf re.nW eont enfeedneefcieoc nisn
ig ernt ensurdeonoont eneoviroomeotnisnlower.n
V luenofnfeedstuf
• Eoerg
• Proteion (m iol nforn mioon cids)
• P sic l
Composiogn ncompletendiet ncomsioiognfeedstufsns sednoo:
• P l t silit n ndietnwit n llnt enrig tnfeedstufsn snoonusenifn on oim lndoesnootne tnit.n
• Feediognv luenofnfeedstufs
• Optm lnoutrieotncooteots
,• Optmiziognv luenfornmooe
Dem odnfornfoodnisniocre siog npopul toonisngrowiogn odnwe lt nisngrowiog.nMorenpeoplenoeednfoodn
odnmorenpeoplenc onp nfornexcessnfood.nExpeosivenproteiosn renion ig erndem od.
Iocre senion oim lnproteionproductoonfromn2017nton2050nisnexpectedntonsen39%.n
n eren rentwonm ionissues nresourcens ort gen odnmicroniogredieots.nW ic nisnw ncircul rit nisn
import ot ntonusenproductsnmultplentmes.n
nonstllnsen slentonprovide nproductoonprocessesns ouldnsenm den sneefcieotn snpossisle.nn
Av il silit nofnr wnm teri lnisnfuctu tognsec use:
- Adversenwe t erncooditoosn (dr ug tnornfood)
- Biofuelnproductoon (coronisnusednfornsiofuelnfornex mple n fectsnresources)
- Lownstocks nstocksnwillnool nl stnusnupton nfewnmoot s.n
- Lowniovestmeotsnion griculture
- Pricenspecul toos.nPeoplensu nr wnm teri lsn odnkeepnitntont emselvesniont enexpect toon
pricesnwillngonup
Foodnpricesn renextremel nimport ot.nIonsomencouotries nifn oundoo’tn venmooe n oundoo’tn ven
food.n
Pricendepeodsnoon ownmuc nisn v il slen odn ownmuc nisnoeeded.n
Feedstufsnpricesnosviousl n fectnfoodnprices
M ionfeedstufs
- Cere lsn (coron odnw e t)
- C kesn odnme ls
- Co-productsnfromnfoodn&nsioet oolniodustr
Emergiogntec oologiesnt tnc on fectn oim lnproductoo
Geoenexpressioo nomics nfeednev lu too nprecisioonlivestocknf rmiog nr pidndi goostcsn odnsignd t .n
F rmednfs nisnsurp ssiognseefncoosumptoo.nFis n renver neefcieotn odnt e n rencoldslooded.n
Glos lnc lleoges:
Aotsiotcnresist oce
Foodnsecurit
Deforest too
Sc rcit nofnresources
Lossnofnsiodiversit
Pollutoo
Clim tenc oge
Ever w ereniont enworldnfoodns fet nisnmostnimport ot.n
Welf rensecomesnimport otnw eont enliviognst od rdnisnuuiten ig .n
n enoumsernofnclim tenrel tedndis sternisniocre siogn rouodnt enworld.
Aotsiotcnresist ocenisnreversisle.n
n eren renm o nprogr msntonreducen otsiotcnuse.nFeednc on elpnimprovent en e lt nst tusnofnt en
GIn nt isnc on elpnpreveotn otsiotcs.nSomens cteri nlikeniogredieotsnionfeedn odnc onst rtntonproducen
toxiosnt tnc usenilloess.nIfn ounusendifereotniogredieotsn ounc onpreveotnt is.n
Additvesnc onsen ddedntonimproven on oim l’sngutn e lt norntonsupportnit.n
n esend sn nlotnofnfoodnisnw stednornt rowon w .n1/3nofn llnfoodnproductoonforn um on
coosumptoonisnw sted.
College 3 9-1-2019
Compositoonofnfeed.n
, • Compositoonofndr nm terndetermioesnt enoutritoo lnv luenofnt enfeed
• Nutritoo lnv luenofnproteiosndepeodsnoonitsn mioon cidncompositoo
• Nutritoonv luenofnc rso dr te…
So nse onisnt enmostnimport otnproteiosnsourcenion on oim lndiet.nItn sn nver nlownst rc ncooteot.
M izendoesn ven nver n ig nst rc ncooteot nt isnc onsenusedn sn oneoerg nsource.n
Luceroenisnprovidedntonrumio ots.nItnisnlessndigestslenfornmooog stricn oim ls.
Compositoonofndietnc onsenkoowons
1. C dniogredieots ne s n odnc e pnsutnootnver n ccur te
2. Cooductogn o l sisngivesnmoren ccur teniofon soutnc emic lncompositoonofnt enfeed.
Compositoonofndietsn lsondepeodsnoon ccur c nofnmixiog.nn slenv luesn ren lw snme os nsonootnver n
specifc.nIfn oungiventoonmuc nproteiosn odntoonlitleneoerg nproteiosnwillnoeedntonfuoctoon sneoerg .n
n enot ernw n rouodntoonlitlenproteioniso’tngoodneit er.nn enr tonofniogredieotsnisnVER蠗nimport ot.n
Compromisensetweeoncostsn odn ccur c .n=nweeoden o l sis.n
Dividenfeedniotongroupsnofnoutrieots n odnme surent osengroups.n
Getnoutnw terns ndr iog nremovenorg oicnm terns nsuroiog nusenkjeld lnmet od nmixnionsolveot.n
Ao t iognt tnmixesnisnf t.nn isnmet odnprovidesnestm toos.n
蠗ouneodnupnwit nc rso dr tes.nIont esenc rso dr tes ncrudenfsernisnme sured.nn isnisnt enfr ctoon
ofnfsernt tndoesnootndissolvenion cidn odn lk lioensolutoos.n=niodigestslenm ter.n
o-freenextr ctvencoot ionst rc n odnsug rsn odnresidue.n
n enre soonsimplenmet odsn renusednisntonsen slentoncomp renmet odsnformndifereotnl ss.nn esen
modelsn renusedntonpredictn oim lnproductoons sednooncorrel toosnfouodnsetweeonfeedn
compositoon odn oim lnperform oce.n
Altero tven o l tcnme suremeotnmet odsn renver nexpeosive.
(NIRSnspectrum)
Difereocen ssoluten mouotn odn ncooteot.nn esen rendifereotnt iogs.nDoo’tnmixnt emnup!!!!!
Aon ssoluten mouotn snooenuoit.nIt’sn nkg n onL.nitn snooenme suremeot.n
Cooteotnisn nuoitndividedns n nuoit n nperceot ge.n
Dr nm terncorrectoo:ncooteotnofndr nm ternornmoisturenv riesnduriognstor gendepeodiognoont en
cooditoos.n (moisturenfornex mple)
W eonsomet iogngetsnwetnt en mouotnofnproteionionitndoesnootnc oge nsutnt encooteotnc oges.nn en
perceot genofnproteiontontot lnc oges.n
(c lcul toosnsliden22)
W eon ounrec lcul tens ckntondr nm tern oungetncomp r slenresults.n
Correctoontondr nm tern lw snle dsnton ig erncooteot.n
College 1 [7-1-2019]
Productoon oim lsn odncomp oioosn oim lsn renfedncompletel ndifereotl .nBec usencomp oioosn
oim lsn reo’tnfednfornproductoonpurposes.
Nutritoonisnsimple n oun ven ncert ionreuuiremeotn odnprovidednoutrieots.nn entwonoeedntonsen
s l oced.n
Ever t iognt ensod ndoeso’tnoeednisnexcreted.nn isnisnionesseocenloss.nMioim lnlossn=nm ximizedn
productooneefcieoc n=nmioim lnecooomicnloss.n
Horsesnseloogntonproductoon oim lsn snwell.nNutritoonisn lsonimport otnfornm iot ioiogn e lt .n
20/58%nfeednisnt encostnofnproductoo.nEver ng ion ounc onm kenionreduciognfeednwillnreducencostsnofn
productoo.n (rumio otsn rent en20% ntr osfersnlownsoug tnfornfoodnioton ig nv luen um onfood.n
C ickeon renfednfoodsnt tn um osnc on lsoncoosume)
Ancompouodnfeedn=nfoodnm denupnofncompooeots.nComsio toonc ondepeodnoont enpricenofnt en
compooeots.n
Aoim lnproductoo nisnm iol nproteion odn nlitlensitnofnf t.nn enmostn mouotnofnproteionisnwit npigsn
odnpoultr .n
Foodncooversiooneefcieoc nc onm iol nsenimprovednusiogngeoetcs.nn ensestn oim lsnreg rdiognfoodn
cooversioon renfs .nFis n renver neefcieotnsec usent e n rencoldslooded.n
30%nofnfeedncoosumednisncompouodnfood.nRestnofnitnisnmostl ngr ss.n
H nisnc e p.nPign odnpoultr noeedn ig ernuu lit nfeedntonproducenoptm ll .n
n enmostnexpeosivenfoodnisnc lfnmilknrepl cer.nC tn odndognfoodncoot iosnt ens mencompooeotsnsutnis
w nmorenexpeosive.nFoodnforncomp oioon oim lsnisnm rketedntow rdsn um os.n‘ifn ounloven ourn
oim ln ouns ouldnsenprep redntonp …n‘n
Nutritoonisnver nsimple.n蠗ounoeednoutrieots.n (met solicnr tencre tesndifereocesnsetweeonspecies)n
- W tndon ounreuuire?
- Hownmuc nofnit?
Met solicnfexisilit n=n ounc ondecre senoutrieotsnupnton ncert ionpoiot n o nlessn odnitnc o’tncopen
o more.n
Aoim lnfeednc on lsonsens sednoonpriornfeediognrespooses.n
B s lnoutrieots:nf t nproteion odnc rso dr tes.n
n iogsnmeotooednionsot nt enre dern odnt enlecturen renmostnimport ot.
nonm tc nt enreuuiremeotsnforncert ionoutrieotsnofn on oim ln tn o nmomeotnduriognitsnlifenc clenwit
t env luenofnt osenoutrieotsnion ndiet.n=nns cksooenofn oim lnoutritoo.n
Lecture 2 8-1-2019
Beforen1950 nmixednf rmiogn oim lsnwerenfednw stenproducts.n
Fromn1950npeoplenst rtedntonfocusnooneefcieotnfeedncooversioon odnfromn1990noow rdsnfuoctoo ln
feednisnmostnimport ot.nEmp sisnmovesntoneoviroomeotn odnwelf re.nW eont enfeedneefcieoc nisn
ig ernt ensurdeonoont eneoviroomeotnisnlower.n
V luenofnfeedstuf
• Eoerg
• Proteion (m iol nforn mioon cids)
• P sic l
Composiogn ncompletendiet ncomsioiognfeedstufsns sednoo:
• P l t silit n ndietnwit n llnt enrig tnfeedstufsn snoonusenifn on oim lndoesnootne tnit.n
• Feediognv luenofnfeedstufs
• Optm lnoutrieotncooteots
,• Optmiziognv luenfornmooe
Dem odnfornfoodnisniocre siog npopul toonisngrowiogn odnwe lt nisngrowiog.nMorenpeoplenoeednfoodn
odnmorenpeoplenc onp nfornexcessnfood.nExpeosivenproteiosn renion ig erndem od.
Iocre senion oim lnproteionproductoonfromn2017nton2050nisnexpectedntonsen39%.n
n eren rentwonm ionissues nresourcens ort gen odnmicroniogredieots.nW ic nisnw ncircul rit nisn
import ot ntonusenproductsnmultplentmes.n
nonstllnsen slentonprovide nproductoonprocessesns ouldnsenm den sneefcieotn snpossisle.nn
Av il silit nofnr wnm teri lnisnfuctu tognsec use:
- Adversenwe t erncooditoosn (dr ug tnornfood)
- Biofuelnproductoon (coronisnusednfornsiofuelnfornex mple n fectsnresources)
- Lownstocks nstocksnwillnool nl stnusnupton nfewnmoot s.n
- Lowniovestmeotsnion griculture
- Pricenspecul toos.nPeoplensu nr wnm teri lsn odnkeepnitntont emselvesniont enexpect toon
pricesnwillngonup
Foodnpricesn renextremel nimport ot.nIonsomencouotries nifn oundoo’tn venmooe n oundoo’tn ven
food.n
Pricendepeodsnoon ownmuc nisn v il slen odn ownmuc nisnoeeded.n
Feedstufsnpricesnosviousl n fectnfoodnprices
M ionfeedstufs
- Cere lsn (coron odnw e t)
- C kesn odnme ls
- Co-productsnfromnfoodn&nsioet oolniodustr
Emergiogntec oologiesnt tnc on fectn oim lnproductoo
Geoenexpressioo nomics nfeednev lu too nprecisioonlivestocknf rmiog nr pidndi goostcsn odnsignd t .n
F rmednfs nisnsurp ssiognseefncoosumptoo.nFis n renver neefcieotn odnt e n rencoldslooded.n
Glos lnc lleoges:
Aotsiotcnresist oce
Foodnsecurit
Deforest too
Sc rcit nofnresources
Lossnofnsiodiversit
Pollutoo
Clim tenc oge
Ever w ereniont enworldnfoodns fet nisnmostnimport ot.n
Welf rensecomesnimport otnw eont enliviognst od rdnisnuuiten ig .n
n enoumsernofnclim tenrel tedndis sternisniocre siogn rouodnt enworld.
Aotsiotcnresist ocenisnreversisle.n
n eren renm o nprogr msntonreducen otsiotcnuse.nFeednc on elpnimprovent en e lt nst tusnofnt en
GIn nt isnc on elpnpreveotn otsiotcs.nSomens cteri nlikeniogredieotsnionfeedn odnc onst rtntonproducen
toxiosnt tnc usenilloess.nIfn ounusendifereotniogredieotsn ounc onpreveotnt is.n
Additvesnc onsen ddedntonimproven on oim l’sngutn e lt norntonsupportnit.n
n esend sn nlotnofnfoodnisnw stednornt rowon w .n1/3nofn llnfoodnproductoonforn um on
coosumptoonisnw sted.
College 3 9-1-2019
Compositoonofnfeed.n
, • Compositoonofndr nm terndetermioesnt enoutritoo lnv luenofnt enfeed
• Nutritoo lnv luenofnproteiosndepeodsnoonitsn mioon cidncompositoo
• Nutritoonv luenofnc rso dr te…
So nse onisnt enmostnimport otnproteiosnsourcenion on oim lndiet.nItn sn nver nlownst rc ncooteot.
M izendoesn ven nver n ig nst rc ncooteot nt isnc onsenusedn sn oneoerg nsource.n
Luceroenisnprovidedntonrumio ots.nItnisnlessndigestslenfornmooog stricn oim ls.
Compositoonofndietnc onsenkoowons
1. C dniogredieots ne s n odnc e pnsutnootnver n ccur te
2. Cooductogn o l sisngivesnmoren ccur teniofon soutnc emic lncompositoonofnt enfeed.
Compositoonofndietsn lsondepeodsnoon ccur c nofnmixiog.nn slenv luesn ren lw snme os nsonootnver n
specifc.nIfn oungiventoonmuc nproteiosn odntoonlitleneoerg nproteiosnwillnoeedntonfuoctoon sneoerg .n
n enot ernw n rouodntoonlitlenproteioniso’tngoodneit er.nn enr tonofniogredieotsnisnVER蠗nimport ot.n
Compromisensetweeoncostsn odn ccur c .n=nweeoden o l sis.n
Dividenfeedniotongroupsnofnoutrieots n odnme surent osengroups.n
Getnoutnw terns ndr iog nremovenorg oicnm terns nsuroiog nusenkjeld lnmet od nmixnionsolveot.n
Ao t iognt tnmixesnisnf t.nn isnmet odnprovidesnestm toos.n
蠗ouneodnupnwit nc rso dr tes.nIont esenc rso dr tes ncrudenfsernisnme sured.nn isnisnt enfr ctoon
ofnfsernt tndoesnootndissolvenion cidn odn lk lioensolutoos.n=niodigestslenm ter.n
o-freenextr ctvencoot ionst rc n odnsug rsn odnresidue.n
n enre soonsimplenmet odsn renusednisntonsen slentoncomp renmet odsnformndifereotnl ss.nn esen
modelsn renusedntonpredictn oim lnproductoons sednooncorrel toosnfouodnsetweeonfeedn
compositoon odn oim lnperform oce.n
Altero tven o l tcnme suremeotnmet odsn renver nexpeosive.
(NIRSnspectrum)
Difereocen ssoluten mouotn odn ncooteot.nn esen rendifereotnt iogs.nDoo’tnmixnt emnup!!!!!
Aon ssoluten mouotn snooenuoit.nIt’sn nkg n onL.nitn snooenme suremeot.n
Cooteotnisn nuoitndividedns n nuoit n nperceot ge.n
Dr nm terncorrectoo:ncooteotnofndr nm ternornmoisturenv riesnduriognstor gendepeodiognoont en
cooditoos.n (moisturenfornex mple)
W eonsomet iogngetsnwetnt en mouotnofnproteionionitndoesnootnc oge nsutnt encooteotnc oges.nn en
perceot genofnproteiontontot lnc oges.n
(c lcul toosnsliden22)
W eon ounrec lcul tens ckntondr nm tern oungetncomp r slenresults.n
Correctoontondr nm tern lw snle dsnton ig erncooteot.n
