Ch. 11 NCLEX Questions with absolute solutions

(Layering is important in prevention of cold injuries. In the cold environment, lightweight and synthetic fabric clothing is best.) A nurse is providing reminders to a Red Cross class about safety procedures to prevent drowning or submersion. In which situation does this present the greatest risk? a. An engaged couple going swimming together at a local lake b. Children swimming at the community pool c. College students going to a fraternity party at a boat house d. Families going to the quarry to swim - ANSWER-C (College parties often include alcohol or other mood-altering substances. A reminder may be needed to avoid alcoholic beverages when swimming or boating, or while in proximity to water.) Which client is at greatest risk for heat exhaustion? a. 24-year-old construction worker b. 34-year-old policeman c. 42-year-old swimming instructor d. 78-year-old gardener - ANSWER-D (Older adults and the homeless are particularly at risk for heat-related illnesses because of decreased body fluid volume and/or overexposure to the sun.) A 16-year-old high school athlete recently suffered heat exhaustion. The school nurse is instructing the student on how to prevent a recurrence of this situation. Which student statement demonstrates that the teaching is effective? a. "I should try to exercise between noon and 3 PM." b. "I will limit my fluids to drinking 'sports' drinks after I exercise." c. "Taking frequent rests is important when working in a hot environment." d. "Wearing dark-colored clothing to deflect the sun away from me will help me stay cooler." - ANSWER-C (Frequent rest periods will decrease the risk of heat exhaustion.) A camp nurse is providing snakebite prevention tips. Which statement by a client camper indicates a need for additional education? a. "A dead snake is a safe snake." b. "Snakes are most active on warm nights." c. "Snakes should be transported in sealed glass containers." d. "Venomous snakes are not good pets." - ANSWER-A (A newly dead or decapitated snake can still inflict a bite for 20 to 60 minutes after death because of persistence of the bite reflex.) On a hot summer day, an older adult is found by a neighbor lying on the apartment floor, agitated and confused. After calling 911, the neighbor places ice bags to the client's groin area and armpits. Upon arrival at the hospital, which action does the emergency department (ED) nurse perform first?