science practice questions TEAS ATI exam version 7 with complete solutions already graded A+

In which of the following areas does protein breakdown begin in the human body? A. Mouth B. Stomach C. Small intestine D. Large intestine - answer B. The stomach The stomach is the first place in the digestive system in which proteinases are produced. Which of the following cell types is responsible for the production of soluble antibodies? A. Cytotoxic T cell B. Macrophage cell C. Helper T cell D. B cell - answer D. B cell The production of antibodies by B cells is part of the humoral response to antigens. Which of the following organ systems is responsible for transporting nutrients, water, and other substances throughout the human body? A. Respiratory B. Immune C. Nervous D. Circulatory - answer D. Circulatory The heart pumping blood through the arteries, capillaries, and veins provides the means of transporting substances throughout the body. Which of the following is characteristic of the human organism? A. Autotrophic with a genome stored in DNA B. Heterotrophic with a genome stored in DNA C. Autotrophic with a genome stored in RNA D. Heterotrophic with a genome stored in RNA - answer B. Heterotrophic with a genome stored in DNA Humans consume rather than manufacture nutrient molecules (heterotrophic) and human genes are encoded in DNA. Which of the following is the function of the lymph nodes in mammals? A. Pump oxygen into tissue spaces B. store extra glucose for emergencies C. Synthesize hemoglobin for erythrocytes D. Filter debris from intracellular spaces - answer D. Filter debris from intracellular spaces Lymph notes filter debris, lymphocytes, and pathogens from intracellular fluid. The bands in the muscle sarcomere are formed by actin and which of the following other proteins? A. Myosin B. Dynein C. Keratin D. Myofibril - answer A. Myosin Myosin contains "heads" that contact actin and pull the actin fibers together in an ATP- dependent mechanism that causes muscles to contract. Which of the following structures within a human cell is responsible for recycling the materials no longer functional or needed within the cell? A. Ribosome B. Lysosome C. Mitochondrion D. Nucleolus - answer B. Lysosome Lysosomes are specialized vacuoles containing digestive enzymes. Which of the following is the correct structure and function of the cell membrane? A. A double glycoprotein structure with embedded lipid bodies provides shape and rigidity to the cytoplasm. B. A double layer of phosphate proteins with lipid channels allows molecules to pass from the inside to the outside of the cells. C. Nonpolar phosphate heads and polar lipid tails from a bilayer to control the transport of proteins. D. A phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins regulates molecules entering and leaving cytoplasms. - answer D. A phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins regulate molecules entering and leaving cytoplasms. The cell membrane consists of a phospholipid bilayer with polar phosphate heads, non polar lipid tails, and embedded proteins, which permit the movement of molecules across the membrane. which of the following chemical compounds prevents the lungs from collapsing? A. Mucus B. Surfactant C. Enzymes D. Buffers - answer B. Mucus Surfactants are lipopolysaccharides that have a hydrophobic and hydrophilic layer. They keep the lungs inflated. Which of these structures diverts food into the esophagus and prevents it from entering the lungs? A. Uvula B. Soft palate C. Tonsils D. Epiglottis - answer D. Epiglottis The epiglottis shuts off the tracheal opening, diverting food into the esophagus. Which of the following terms related to the respiratory system refers to the "voice box" for sound productions? A. Pharynx B. Trachea C. Larynx D. Uvula - answer C. Larynx The larynx is a cartilaginous structure containing the vocal chords, which is used to generate sound. Which of the following appropriately completes the below statement? "Unlike Skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle is highly resistant to lactate-meditated fatigue because cardiac muscle" A. Use aerobic respiration in mitchocondria for energy B. Operates with electrical energy supplied bu the sinoatrial (SA) node. C. Primarily metabolizes glucose using the fermentation pathway. D. Does not need oxygen for the production of energy. - answer A. Use of aerobic respiration in mitchocondria for energy Aerobic respiration (oxidative respiration) is almost exclusively used by the heart. The byproducts of this type of respiration are water (h20) and carbon dioxide (co2), not lactate. Which of the following arteries directly supplies oxygenated blood to the reproductive system? A. Common carotid artery B. Gonadal artery C. Femoral artery D. Subclavian artery - answer B. Gonadal artery The gonadal artery is the primary artery that supplies oxygenated blood to the gonads and male reproductive system. It is called the testicular artery in makes and the ovarian artery in females. Which of the following options represents the chromosomal composition of a normal human zygote?