AQA A LEVEL PSYCHOLOGY (GENDER) WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS.

AQA A LEVEL PSYCHOLOGY (GENDER) WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS. Sex - CORRECT ANSWER-Refers to a persons biological status as male or female. Determined by different chromosomes, leading to different hormonal influences = differences in anatomy, reproductive organs, hair growth etc. - also is innate What is Gender Dysphoria? - CORRECT ANSWER-When a individual identifies more with the opposite sex than the one they were assigned at birth. What happens if one's sex doesn't match their gender? - CORRECT ANSWER-They may decide to have gender reassignment surgery, becoming transgender, to bring their sexual identity in line with their gender identity. Gender - CORRECT ANSWER-Persons psychosocial status as either masculine or feminine. - includes all the attitudes, behaviours we associate with 'being male' or 'being female'. - These are heavily influenced by social norms, cultural expectations and sex-role stereotypes. Sex-role stereotype - CORRECT ANSWER-Set of shared expectations that people within society or culture hold about what is acceptable or normal behaviour for males and females. What are sex-role stereotypes (societal expectations) confounded by? - CORRECT ANSWER-These expectations can be reinforced by parents, peers and the media Androgyny and the Bem Sex Role Inventory: Androgyny - CORRECT ANSWER-Refers to a personality type that is characterised by a mixture of masculine and feminine traits, attitudes or behaviours Androgyny and the Bem Sex Role Inventory: What two greek words is androgyny made up of? - CORRECT ANSWER-- 'Andro' meaning male - 'Gyny' meaning female Androgyny and the Bem Sex Role Inventory: Who introduced the concept of psychological androgyny? - CORRECT ANSWER-Sandra Bem Androgyny and the Bem Sex Role Inventory: What did Sandra Bem suggest? - CORRECT ANSWER-- argued a person can show masculine and feminine traits Androgyny and the Bem Sex Role Inventory: What did Sandra Bem suggest the benefits of being androgynous are? - CORRECT ANSWER-- being androgynous is psychologically healthy because it avoids fixed stereotypes - Androgynous people are able to adapt to a range to contexts + situations that non-androgynous people would find difficult Androgyny and the Bem Sex Role Inventory: How to participants complete the sex-role inventory? - CORRECT ANSWER-When completing the inventory: - Individual has to rate themselves on each trait using 7-point likert scale where - One means 'never true of me' & 7 is 'always true of me' - Scale provides an average score of femininity and masculinity Androgyny and the Bem Sex Role Inventory: What is included in Bem's sex role inventory? (Completing + measuring) - CORRECT ANSWER-Bem sex role inventory (BSRI) includes: - 20 masculine traits - 20 feminine traits - 20 neutral items (distractors) When completing the inventory: - Individual has to rate themselves on each trait using 7-point likert scale where - One means 'never true of me' & 7 is 'always true of me' - Scale provides an average score of femininity and masculinity Scoring: High masculine & low feminine = masculine High feminine & low masculine = feminine High masculine & high feminine = androgynous Low feminine & low masculine = Undifferentiated