Volledige Samenvatting Philology 2: Introduction to Old English Language and Literature

Summary

Philology 2
Introduction to Old English
Chapters 1, 2, 4-8, 10-12, 13.1, 14, 15, 16.1
Lectures




Anouk de Waard
BA English Language and Culture
Leiden University

,Index

Index 1
The Anglo-Saxons and Their Language 6
The Anglo-Saxons 6
Where did the language come from? 6
What was Old English like? 7
Old English Dialects 8
Pronunciation 8
Vowels and Diphthongs 9
Simple Vowels 9
Diphthongs 9
Consonants 9
I-mutation 10
Fronting 10
Breaking 10
Palatalisation 10
More about c and g 11
Accentuation 11
Pronunciation table 12
Basic Grammar Review 13
Parts of Speech 13
Phrases 14
Clauses 15
Elements of the sentence or clause 15
Moods 16
Case 17
What is case? 17
Use of Cases 17
Nominative 17
Accusative 17
Genitive 17
Dative 18
Instrumental 18
Pronouns 19
Personal pronouns 19
First-person pronouns 19
Second-person pronouns 19
Third-person pronouns 19


1

, Possessive adjectives 19
Demonstrative pronouns 19
More about personal and demonstrative pronouns 20
The dual number 20
Common spelling variants 20
Relative pronouns 20
Nouns 20
Strong nouns 21
short stem nouns 21
long stem nouns 21
Weak nouns 21
Athematic nouns 21
More about strong nouns 22
Nouns with changes in the stem syllable 22
Nouns with -w- or -g̊- before the ending 22
Minor declensions 23
u-stem nouns 23
Nouns of relationship 23
Nouns with -r- plurals 23
Nouns with -þ- endings 23
Verbs 24
Strong verbs 24
Weak verbs 25
Some typical patterns of OE verbs 26
Preterite-present verbs 26
More about endings 27
Assimilation 27
Plurals ending in -e 27
Subjunctive plural endings 27
Bēon ‘to be’ 28
Dōn, gān, willan 28
Dōn ‘do’ 28
Gān ‘go’ 28
Willan ‘desire’ 28
Negation 29
The verbals 29
Infinitives 29
Participles 29
The subjunctive 29
Adjectives 30


2

, Strong adjectives 30
Weak adjectives 30
Comparison of adjectives 31
Comparative adjectives 31
Superlative adjectives 31
The adjective in the noun phrase 31
Adverbs, Conjunctions and Prepositions 32
Adverbs 32
Comparison of adverbs 32
Conjunctions 32
Correlation 33
Prepositions 33
Concord 34
Subject and verb 34
Impersonal verbs 34
Pronoun and antecedent 34
Noun and modifiers 34
Word-Order 35
Subject-Verb 35
Verb-Subject 35
Subject … Verb 36
Correlation 36
Anticipation 36
Periphrastic verbs 36
Alliteration 36
Poetic Style 37
Vocabulary 37
Variation / Apposition 37
Formulas 37
Phrases 37
Themes 37
Originality and quality 38
The Grammar of Poetry 38
Inflections 38
Pronouns 38
Verbs 38
Adjectives 38
Syntax 38
Omission of subjects and objects 39

3