GEO 401 Final Exam 2023 with 100% correct answers

Bowens reaction series tells us that mafic minerals such as olivine and pyroxene crystallize from a magma chamber at relatively higher temperatures than felsic minerals such as K-feldspar and quartz. If a magma chamber undergoes fractional crystallization during cooling, the remaining magma should be_________ than the parent magma. - correct answerMore felsic The Earth's upper mantle is mainly made of peridotite, an ultramafic igneous rock with lots of olivine crystals. Which type of magma can be produced when upper-mantle peridotite undergoes decompression melting along mid-ocean ridges? - correct answerBasaltic Mineral Defintion: A naturally occurring inorganic element or compound having an orderly internal structure and characteristic chemical composition, crystal form, and physical properties. Based on the definition, which of the following substances is NOT considered a mineral - correct answerGlassy materials in fast cooling basalt Carbon has an atomic number of 6 and an atomic mass of 12.011. The atomic mass (weight) is the sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons in the nucleus. we also know that carbon has a number of isotopes. These statements mean that carbon has____? - correct answer6 protons and a number of isotopes with different neutrons In which of the following subsystems is the Earth's magnetic field generated? - correct answergeodynamo system The structure of atoms is mainly made of the inner nucleus with protons and neutrons and the outer orbiting electrons. An element is defined by the number of protons, but can have various numbers of neutrons. Which of the following accurately describes atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons? - correct answerIsotopes In order to make sodium (Na) chlorine (Cl) bond in NaCl,_____ - correct answerone electron is transferred from the sodium atom to the chlorine atom The periodic table is commonly used to understand the properties of elements and their compounds in earth materials. How are the elements organized in the periodic table? - correct answerin order of increasing number of protons There are three types of plate tectonic boundaries. The convergent plate boundary occurs when two plates collide against each other. Which of the following is a type of convergent plate boundary? - correct answerSubduction zone Geologists have used the principle of uniformitarianism to understand geological activities preserved in the rock records. According to the principle of uniformitarianism,____ - correct answerGeologic processes we observe today have operated in the past The Moh