Geo 401 Final Exam 2023 with 100% correct answers

Stress - correct answer --Force per unit area that causes rocks to deform -units are Pascals -EX. confining and/or directed pressure Strain - correct answer -Amount of deformation expressed as a % of distortion Strength - correct answer --Rocks break when they fail, strength is exceeded -units are Pascals Why is knowing rock strength important? - correct answer --Design of tunnels, overpasses, roads, buildings -Integral for understanding how/where to drill, blast, design, construct - Reduce problems in construction -Improve design, safety - Minimize environmental impacts -Reduce waste Where do earthquakes occur? - correct answer -- where rocks being stressed suddenly break along a new or pre-existing fault What are seismic waves? - correct answer --ground vibrations caused by rocks moving (slipping) along opposite sides of a fault What is the Elastic Rebound Theory? - correct answer --explains why earthquakes might occur -says that rocks deform elastically, then rebound during an earthquake rupture What is the focus of an earthquake? - correct answer --point at which the earthquake begins to slip (also called hypocenter) What is the epicenter of an earthquake? - correct answer --geographical point on the earth's surface directly above the focus Foreshock - correct answer -small earthquake occurs before the main shock Aftershock - correct answer -the smaller earthquakes triggered by the large earthquake after