OSHA 30 Hour Study Guide 2023/24

The OSH Act is also known by what other name? Public Law 91-596 What occupational groups do not come under OSHA coverage? Self-employed, immediate members of farming families not employing outside workers, mine workers, certain truckers and transportation workers, atomic energy workers who are covered by other federal agencies, public employees in state and local governments, although some states have their own plans that cover these workers Name three actions OSHA uses to carry out its mission. Developing job safety and health standards and enforcing them through worksite inspections; Maintaining a reporting and recordkeeping system to keep track of job-related injuries and illnesses; Providing training programs to increase knowledge about occupational safety and health Which states have developed public sector state plans? Connecticut, New Jersey, Illinois, New York OSHA requires that each employer post certain materials in a prominent location at the workplace. What materials are these? Job Safety and Health Protection (Workplace Poster OSHA 3165) informing employees of their rights and responsibilities under the OSH Act; Summaries of petitions for variances from standards or recordkeeping procedures; Copies of OSHA citations for violations of standards If an employer disagrees with the results of the OSHA inspection, he or she may submit a written objection to OSHA, called what? A contest Workers' safety and health responsibilities include what six? Read OSHA poster; Follow employer's safety and health rules and wear or use all required PPE; Follow safe work practices for your job, as directed by your employer; Report hazardous conditions to a supervisor or safety committee; Report hazardous conditions to OSHA if employers do not fix them; Cooperation with OSHA inspectors Employer recordkeeping responsibilities involves not only setting up a reporting system and providing copies of logs upon request, but also posting annual summaries and what else? Post OSHA citations and abatement verification notices What types of workplaces are exempt from recordkeeping requirements? Employers' with 10 employees or less Which general industry workers are among the most exposed to lead? Plumbers, welders, and painters OSHA also requires that employers pay for most required PPE, except for what types that may be worn off the job? Except for uniforms, items worn to keep clean, weather-related gear, logging boots, and non-specialty safety toe protective footwear and non-specialty prescription safety eyewear, as long as the employer permits the items to be worn off the job site. What four categories do OSHA standards fall into? General Industry, Construction, Maritime, and Agriculture OSHA issues standards for a wide variety of workplace hazards, including what seven? Toxic substances, electric hazards, fall hazards, hazardous waste, machine hazards, fire and explosion hazards, dangerous atmospheres What are the four priority categories of OSHA inspection? Imminent Danger, Fatality/ Catastrophe, Complaints/ Referrals, Programmed Inspections What are four major stages of an OSHA inspection and what occurs during each? 1. Presenting Credentials: CSHO finds out who is in charge and presents his or her credentials. An employer can require OSHA get a warrant before an inspection is made. 2. Opening Conference: CSHO finds out if workers are represented, and makes sure representative participates in all phases of the inspection. a. Explains why OSHA selected the worksite for inspection b. Obtains information about company, including copy of hazard assessment to see what PPE is necessary c. Explains purpose of the visit, scope of the inspection, walkaround procedures, worker representation, private worker interviews and the closing conference d. Determines whether facility falls under any inspection exemption through a voluntary compliance program (if consultation visit) 3. Walkaround: proceed through workplace and violations are observed and documented, may interview workers, monitor worker exposures 4. Closing Conference: violations and estimated times for correction are discussed; informed of rights and responsibilities related to inspection; citations are sent in mail at later date Citations inform the employer and employees of what four matters? Regulations and standards the employer allegedly violated; any hazardous working conditions covered by the OSH Act's General Duty Clause; proposed length of time set for abatement of hazards; any proposed penalties How are willful, serious, other-than-serious, and repeated violations defined? Willful Violation: violation employer intentionally and knowingly commits or a violation that employer commits with plan indifference to the law. Serious Violation: where there is a substantial probability that death or serious physical harm could result and the employer knew, or should have known of the hazard. Other-Than-Serious Violation: violation that has direct relationship to safety and health, but would probably not cause death or serious physical harm. Repeated Violation: a violation that is the same or similar to a previous violation. OSHA considers some jobs and tasks very hazardous, such as what? Locking out machinery What are QuickCards? Small, laminated cards that provide brief, plain language safety and health information for workers What can a worker request if he or she is currently an employee at a workplace of concern (meaning, where workers are getting sick from an unknown cause or are exposed to an agent or working condition that is not regulated by OSHA), if he or she has obtained the signatures of two other workers? Can request an HHE through NIOSH = Health Hazard Evaluation of workplaces where hazard is an unknown cause or working condition not regulated by OSHA. Respiratory protection can be obtained through two basic types of respirators; name them and describe their functions? Air-purifying respirator: removes contaminants by air passing through air-purifying component Atmosphere-Supplying respirator: provides user with breathable air not from ambient atmosphere (2 other types: Supplied-air respirators use hose called an airline to provide clean air from the air tank & Self-contained breathing apparatus: consists of a hose that is connected to cylinder of compressed air) What does a personal fall arrest system include? a body harness worn around torso, overhead anchor which lanyard is connected (anchor must support 5,000 lbs per employee), a lanyard connecting harness to anchor What three types of ladders can be found at a worksite? Self-supporting portable ladders, non-self-supporting portable ladders, fixed ladders How many inches must a guardrail be in height, and how many rails must each one have? must be 42 inches tall, and have 3 rails When entering a confined space, aside from blocking piping, checking the atmosphere, and wearing proper PPE, what must a person also do? make certain they are able to communicate with attendants outside space before entering List five characteristics of heat stress. headaches, thirst, nausea, muscle cramps, dizziness and weakness What disorder besides frostbite is caused by extreme cold? hypothermia Employees with frostbite must not move or rub the affected area, but must instead warm it slowly to avoid causing what? warm slowly to avoid causing irreversible tissue damage What are the three major elements of the guarding floor and wall openings and holes section? protection of floor openings; protection of open-sided floors, platforms, and runways; stairway railings and guards Provide standard railing with a standard toeboard on the open sides wherever what three conditions are true? persons may pass, there is moving equipment, there are tools or materials that could fall to the lower level Improper aisle widths coupled with poor housekeeping and vehicle traffic can cause what three complications? cause injury to employees, cause damage to equipment and material, and limit egress in emergencies Floor hole opening in floor, platform or pavement that measures less than 12 inches, but more than 1 inch, and through which materials - but not people- may fall. Floor opening opening in floor, platform,or pavement measuring 12 inches or more in its least dimension through which persons may fall Standard railing consist of top, mid, and bottom rail; height from the upper surface is one-half as high as the top rail (or 21 inches) Standard toeboard blocks opening along base/floor of stairs or other walking or working surfaces where materials or body parts might otherwise inadvertently fall through. Should be 4 inches high, with not more than 1/4 in. clearance above the floor. Wall opening an opening in a wall or partitions that is at least 30 inches high and 18 inches wide through which persons may fall When inspecting the conditions of stairways in a workplace, you should inspect what in particular? Handrails and stair rails; treads; other factors (risers, housekeeping, width, absence of oil or liquids, etc.) A non self-supporting portable ladder adjustable in length may not exceed how many feet? may not exceed 30 ft. in length High-hazard contents/materials that can burn rapidly, or explosions or poisonous fumes that can escalate the severity of a fire The refuge area is a fire- and smoke-protected space within a building along an exit route. The refuge area must have a fire-resistance rating of at least how much? fire-resistance rating of at least one hour What type of door should be used in order to connect any room to an exit route? a single-hinged door When must the Emergency Exit Plan be reviewed with each employee? when plan is developed, when employee's responsibility is changed under the action plan; when the plan is changed in any significant way What seven elements must be included in the Fire Protection Plan? list of major fire hazards; procedures of handling/ storage of all hazardous materials, potential ignition sources and their control; list of the types of equipment/systems used to control the fire with their handling/ storage procedures; procedures to control the accumulation of flammable and combustible waste materials; procedures for the regular maintenance of safeguards installed on heat-producing equipment to prevent accidental ignition of combustible materials; job titles/ names of employees responsible for maintaining equipment to prevent or control sources of ignition or fires; job titles/ names of employees responsible for control of fuel source hazards Typical elements and components of a "fixed extinguishing system" must include what eight? 1. discharge nozzles, 2. piping, 3. control panel, 4. agent storage containers, 5. hazard warning sign, 6. fire detector, 7. manual discharge station (pull station), 8. warning alarm What two specific workplace hazards does carbon dioxide share with halon? exposure to high concentrations may create oxygen-deficient atmosphere & direct contact with vaporizing liquid during discharge can cause frostbite burns on skin What additional workplace hazards does halon pose? inhalation can cause damage to CNS: dizziness, tingling in extremities, unconsciousness; increased sensitivity to heart adrenaline, irregular heartbeats, heart attack; at temp. above 900F create toxic gas Oxygen deficient atmosphere atmosphere containing less than 19.5% oxygen by volume Distinguish between the three subclasses of Class I liquids. IA: Flashpt. below 73F (22.8C) and Bp below 100F (37.8C) IB: Flashpt. below 73F and Bp at or above 100F IC: Flashpt. at or above 73F and below 100F