MMSC 433 Final (with Error-free Solutions 100%)

iron absorption correct answers -ferric iron is taken in from diet -ferric iron is reduced by duodenal cytochrome B to become ferrous iron -ferrous iron is absorbed into enterocytes by DMT 1 -absorbed iron is stored as ferritin, or sent into portal hepatic circulation and carried by transferrin to developing RBCs transferrin correct answers plasma carrier protein for ferrous iron high iron level regulation correct answers -hepcidin is released from hepatocytes -ferroportin is inactivated, leading to decreased iron being transported into circulation low iron level regulation correct answers -hepcidin is down regulated by hepatocytes -ferroportin becomes activated and transports iron out of the enterocytes and into circulation ferrous iron correct answers the form of iron that is able to be utilized in the body for developing red cells prussian blue stain correct answers stain that is used to identify iron in tissues and bone marrow stage 1 iron deficiency (progressive loss of storage iron) correct answers -asymptomatic -RBCs develop normally -*serum ferritin low* stage 2 iron deficiency (exhaustion of iron storage pool) correct answers -subclinical symptoms -hemoglobin in retics is decreased, *hemogram appears normal still* -iron deficiency erythropoiesis is occurring -hepcidin decreased -serum iron and ferritin decreased -RDW, TIBC and sTRs increased -prussian blue stain of BM is negative for iron stage 3 iron deficiency (frank anemia) correct answers -patient exhibits fatigue, weakness, pallor, glossitis, koilonychia and pica -*H/H decreased* -*hypochromic/ microcytic anemia* -FEP, TIBC and sTR increased -ferritin, hepcidin and serum iron decreased sideroblastic anemia correct answers -iron deposits in the mitochondria of erythroblast cells in the bone marrow interfere with biosynthesis of heme -caused by genetic inheritance, drugs/ bone marrow toxins (*lead*, antibiotics, chemotherapeutics) -*ringed sideroblasts* are highly indicative of the disease -basophillic stippling is common in lead poisoning