HOSA Epidemiology: Basic Epidemiology (WHO)

T/F There is often a frustrating delay between acquiring epidemiological evidence and applying this evidence to health policy. - Answer- True Richard Doll and Andrew Hill - Answer- studied the relationship between tobacco use and lung cancer, beginning in the 1950s (preceded by experimental studies of carcinogenicity of tobacco and clinical observations linking tobacco use, etc. to lung cancer); used long-term cohort studies to prove the relationship Epidemiology as defined by Last - Answer- the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations, and the application of this study to the prevention and control of health problems Disease meaning all unfavorable health changes, including injuries and mental health. Study - Answer- includes: surveillance, observation, hypothesis testing, analytic research and experiments. Distribution - Answer- refers to analysis of: times, persons, places and classes of people affected Determinants - Answer- include factors that influence health: biological, chemical, physical, social, cultural, economic, genetic and behavioural Health-related states and events - Answer- diseases, causes of death, behaviours such as use of tobacco, positive health states, reactions to preventive regimes and provision and use of health services. Specified populations - Answer- include those with identifiable characteristics, such as occupational groups Application to prevention and control - Answer- the aims of public health—to promote, protect, and restore health etiology - Answer- causes of diseases environment - Answer- any biological, chemical, physical, psychological, economic or cultural factors that can affect health T/F Genetic factors, ill health, and environmental factors (including behaviors) cause good health Also treatment/medical care and health promotion/preventive measures/public health services help ill health become good health - Answer- True