BRM 2
,Module A
Intro
What is qualitative research?
- Academic research is systematic, empirical, critical and iterative
(повторяющийся)
- Design process
- Topic & research question
- Literature review
- Research design
- Data collection
- Data analysis
- Reporting
- «Basically, qualitative researchers are interested in understanding the
meaning people have constructed, that is, how people make sense of their
world and the experiences they have in the world» (Merriam, 2014)
- «Qualitative research is a situated activity that locates the observer in
the world» (Denzin & Lincoln, 2005)
- «An umbrella term covering an array of interpretive techniques which
seek to describe, decode, translate, and otherwise come to terms with the
meaning, not the frequency, of certain more or less naturally occurring
phenomena in the social world» (Van Maanen, 1979)
What is knowable?
- Approaches to the world
- Interpretivist
- Data is constructed with participants
- Data is expressed in language
, - «Subjective»
- Linked to the context
- Seeking evidence of meaning
- Positivist
- Data is collect from the real world
- Data is expressed in numbers
- «Objective»
- Generalisable
- Seeking evidence of frequency
Data: how do we get knowledge?
- Qualitative researches look for «meaning»
- Methods for gathering interpretations
- Interviews
- Ethnography
- Case studies
- Document analysis
- Focus is on «emic» perspective
- The researcher’s intuition can be an asset
- Quantitative researchers look for «truth»
- Methods for collecting frequency
- Surveys
- Polls
- Questionnaires
- Content analysis
- Concerned with eliminating bias
- The researcher’s in uence should be minimised
fl
, The qualitative research process (Patton, 1985)
- Qualitative research is an e ort to understand situations in their
uniqueness as part of a particular context and the interactions there
- This understanding is an end in itself, so that it is not attempting to
predict what may happen in the future necessarily, but to understand the
nature of that setting - what is meant for participants to be in that setting,
what their lives are like, what’s going on for them, what their
meanings are, what the worlds looks like in that particular setting -
and in the analysis to be able to communicate that faithfully to others
who are interested in that setting…The analysis strives for depth of
understanding
Logic: how do we arrive at new knowledge?
What do we do as qualitative researchers?
- Interpretivist approach
- We interpret an already interpreted world
- Qualitative data
- We observe and question the world to nd evidence of meaning
- Inductive logic
- We build understanding from our
interpretations of this evidence
ff fi
,Module A
Intro
What is qualitative research?
- Academic research is systematic, empirical, critical and iterative
(повторяющийся)
- Design process
- Topic & research question
- Literature review
- Research design
- Data collection
- Data analysis
- Reporting
- «Basically, qualitative researchers are interested in understanding the
meaning people have constructed, that is, how people make sense of their
world and the experiences they have in the world» (Merriam, 2014)
- «Qualitative research is a situated activity that locates the observer in
the world» (Denzin & Lincoln, 2005)
- «An umbrella term covering an array of interpretive techniques which
seek to describe, decode, translate, and otherwise come to terms with the
meaning, not the frequency, of certain more or less naturally occurring
phenomena in the social world» (Van Maanen, 1979)
What is knowable?
- Approaches to the world
- Interpretivist
- Data is constructed with participants
- Data is expressed in language
, - «Subjective»
- Linked to the context
- Seeking evidence of meaning
- Positivist
- Data is collect from the real world
- Data is expressed in numbers
- «Objective»
- Generalisable
- Seeking evidence of frequency
Data: how do we get knowledge?
- Qualitative researches look for «meaning»
- Methods for gathering interpretations
- Interviews
- Ethnography
- Case studies
- Document analysis
- Focus is on «emic» perspective
- The researcher’s intuition can be an asset
- Quantitative researchers look for «truth»
- Methods for collecting frequency
- Surveys
- Polls
- Questionnaires
- Content analysis
- Concerned with eliminating bias
- The researcher’s in uence should be minimised
fl
, The qualitative research process (Patton, 1985)
- Qualitative research is an e ort to understand situations in their
uniqueness as part of a particular context and the interactions there
- This understanding is an end in itself, so that it is not attempting to
predict what may happen in the future necessarily, but to understand the
nature of that setting - what is meant for participants to be in that setting,
what their lives are like, what’s going on for them, what their
meanings are, what the worlds looks like in that particular setting -
and in the analysis to be able to communicate that faithfully to others
who are interested in that setting…The analysis strives for depth of
understanding
Logic: how do we arrive at new knowledge?
What do we do as qualitative researchers?
- Interpretivist approach
- We interpret an already interpreted world
- Qualitative data
- We observe and question the world to nd evidence of meaning
- Inductive logic
- We build understanding from our
interpretations of this evidence
ff fi
