NUR 3805 Exam 1 questions and 100% correct answers

Altruism: concern for welfare and wellbeing of others. Nurse's concern and advocacy for welfare of patients, other nurses, and health care providers. Autonomy right to self determination. Nurse respects patients' decision. Human Dignity: respect for inherent worth of individual. Nurse values and respect Integrity: acting in accordance of code of ethics and standards. Honest and provides care based on ethical framework. Social Justice: fair treatment regardless of economic status, race, citizenship... QSEN competencies Patient centerd care Teamwork and collaboration Evidence based practice Quality Improvement Safety Informatics History of Nursing: angel of mercy, handmaiden, battle ax, naughty nurse, military Angel of mercy: religion. Handmaiden Image: male dominant physician and nurse assists him. Battle ax: torturer Naught nurse: sexy arose in 20th century. Still persists. Military: 1900s. Uniform. Warriors fighting disease. Providing support in battlefield Rights of Research Participants Informed consent Right not to be harmed, full disclosure, self determination, privacy Institutional Review Boards: healthcare professionals+community people revie and critique research proposals. Protect research participants from harm Ensure research is of value 2 purposes of Institutional Review Boards Protect research participants from harm Ensure research is of value PICO Questions Patient/population Intervention Comparison intervention Outcome Position vs Job vs Occupation Position: group of tasks assigned to 1 individual Job: group of positions that are similar in type and level of work Occupation: group of jobs that are similar in type of work. Approaches to Defining Profession All are in a state of development, continuum, not an either/or situation, power approach (money and political influence), trait approach (identify traits of a profession and if a group meets criteria it is considered a profession) Commonly Accepted Traits of a Profession Provides services, own special body of knowledge on which it builds its skills, intellectual operations, high levels of individual responsibility, higher education, own policies, attracts individuals who serve, not personal gain, life's work, code of ethics, professional orgs, licensure, demonstrate competency to practice Is nursing a profession? pretty close to a profession but still lacking. Public- not see nursing as a profession. 6 primary sources for power or types of power: Reward, coercion, legal act, close personal relationships (referent power), knowledge (expert power), use of media (info power) How can nurses gain power? Political action: Inhouse politics: nurses can influence decisions made in their workplace Local government: nurses should paricipate in agencies or community PTAs, church groups, local political organizations, Gain experience Learn how to work with higher levels of government. State and federal Run for office Influence important policies. Quality of care, patients' rights, universal healthcare Professional unity: one voice. Politicians listen to number of votes and dollars contributed to the campaign. 3 million RNs. Less than 10% belong to ANA. Some specialty orgs don't collab Accountability and professionalism: view nursing as a profession. Establish standards. Establish a nurse support network: nurture and teach upcoming nurses to take over positions at the top. Don't criticize in public. Don't eat your young. Why don't nurses join ANA? Costs too much. No time. Doesn't do anything for me. Nursing: Thinking Skills Clinical judgement: observing, comparing, and evaluating client's condition Critical thinking/reflective thinking: collecting and analyzing info and considering options for action Problem solving: considering an issue and attempting to find solution ANA's Definition of Nursing "The diagnosis and treatment of human responses to actual and potential health problems." Why define nursing? Helps public understand value of nursing Helps differentiate activities of nursing than medicine Helps students understand what is expected Nursing can improve recognition by: Standardized educational requirements Uniform continuing education requirements Increased participation of nurses in professional orgs Education of public Nursing Education: Diploma: 3 year program. Hospital based. Associates: 2 year. Community college. Baccalaureate: undergraduate: 8 semesters Master's: prepares advanced practice nurses to teach *APN" Doctoral: advanced clinical practice.